What are the guidelines for the presentation and explanation of the distinctive features of Africa's climate? What are the training results of 7th-grade students eligible for grade advancement in Vietnam?
What are the guidelines for the What are the guidelines for the presentation and explanation of the distinctive features of Africa's climate?
Africa is a continent characterized by a unique and distinctive climate compared to other regions in the world. Due to its geographical location between the two tropics and its distinctive topography, Africa's climate is typically dry and hot, with clear spatial and temporal differentiation.
Students can refer to the following guidelines for presentation and explanation of the distinctive features of Africa's climate:
| 1. High Temperatures All Year Round - The annual average temperature exceeds 20°C, with many areas reaching above 40°C during the dry season. - Africa mainly lies in the low latitude regions near the equator, where it receives the most solar radiation annually. - The presence of large deserts such as the Sahara and Kalahari intensifies the dry and hot climate. 2. Low and Uneven Rainfall - Most of the continent has low rainfall, especially in deserts like the Sahara and Namib, with only a few mm/year. - Regions near the equator (such as the Congo Basin) receive significant rainfall (over 2000 mm/year), but as one moves away from the equator toward the poles, rainfall decreases. 3. Symmetrical Distribution of Climate Zones Across the Equator Due to the territory spanning low latitudes, Africa's climate is symmetrically distributed across the equator, with the following characteristic climates: - Equatorial Climate: + Distributed in central areas near the equator (like the Congo Basin). + Characteristics: heavy rainfall throughout the year, hot and humid with stable temperatures from 25 - 27°C. + Dense tropical forests thrive in this region. - Sub-Equatorial Climate: + Distributed on both sides of the equatorial region. + Characteristics: Influenced by monsoon, with two distinct seasons: ++ Wet season: Heavy rains, high temperatures. ++ Dry season: Less rain, temperatures drop. + This area has sparse forests and savanna grasslands. - Tropical Climate: + Mainly distributed in the north and south of the sub-equatorial region, covering most of Africa (like the Sahara Desert in the north and the Kalahari Desert in the south). + Characteristics: Dry and hot with a continental nature, large diurnal temperature range. + The region of South Africa is more humid due to maritime climate influence. - Subtropical Climate: + Found in North Africa (Mediterranean coast) and parts of South Africa. + Characteristics: ++ Winter: Warm, humid, and rainy. ++ Summer: Dry, hot. 4. Explanation of the Dry and Hot Climate - Geographical Location and Shape of the Territory: + Africa is entirely located in the tropical zone, which receives substantial solar radiation year-round. + The vast terrain, with little maritime influence, leads to low humidity and strong continental characteristics. - Influence of High Pressure Areas and Deserts: + The presence of subtropical high-pressure belts creates areas of high dry pressure, preventing rain formation. + Large deserts like the Sahara in the north and the Kalahari in the south intensify the dry and hot characteristics. - Cold Ocean Currents: + Along the western coast, cold currents like the Canary and Benguela reduce air humidity, limiting coastal rainfall. Conclusion Africa exhibits one of the world's driest and hottest climates due to the combined effects of geographical location, topography, ocean currents, and subtropical high pressure. The diversity of climate zones not only reflects natural characteristics but also profoundly affects the living environment and socio-economic activities of people on this continent. |
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What are the guidelines for the presentation and explanation of the distinctive features of Africa's climate? What are the training results of 7th-grade students eligible for grade advancement in Vietnam? (Image from the Internet)
What are the training results of 7th-grade students eligible for grade advancement in Vietnam?
Under Clause 1, Article 12 of Circular 22/2021/TT-BGDDT, the training results of 7th-grade students eligible for grade advancement in Vietnam are as follows:
Grade advancement, re-assessment during summer break, and grade retention
1. A student who meets following eligibility may advance to the next grade or be recognized as to have completed lower education program or upper education program:
a) Training results of the entire school year (including re-assessment results after training during summer break according to Article 13 hereof) are Qualified or higher.
b) Learning results of the entire school year (including re-assessment results of all subjects according to Article 14 hereof) is Qualified or higher.
c) Number of days leave does not exceed 45 half-days (calculated according to education plans which is 1 half-day for every day under formal education plan, including permitted leave, unpermitted leave, continuous leave, and intermittent leave).
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Thus, 7th-grade students whose training results in the entire school year (including re-assessment results after training during summer break) are Qualified or higher are eligible for grade advancement in Vietnam.
How many regular assessments must 7th-grade students in Vietnam undergo each semester?
Under Clause 2, Article 6 of Circular 22/2021/TT-BGDDT, the number of regular assessments 7th-grade students must undergo each semester is as follows:
In each subject, each student shall be examined and assessed multiple times where several examinations and assessment satisfactory to teaching progress as per education plans of specialized departments are selected and the results thereof are recorded in student monitor and assessment record (by classes) in order to assess learning results of a subject according to Clause 1 Article 9 hereof as follows:
1) For subjects where assessment is conducted via feedback (does not include learning topics): choose twice each semester.
2) For subjects where assessment is conducted via both feedback and scores (does not include learning topics), choose regular assessment scores (hereinafter referred to as “DDGtx”) in each semester as follows:
- Subjects that have 35 lessons/school year: 2 DDGtx.
- Subjects that have from more than 35 lessons/school year to 70 lessons/school year: 3 DDGtx.
- Subjects that have more than 70 lessons/school year: 4 DDGtx.
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