What are road vehicles under the law in Vietnam? How are road vehicles classified in Vietnam?
What are road vehicles under the law in Vietnam?
Based on Article 2 of the Law on Road Traffic Order and Safety 2024:
Article 2. Interpretation of Terms
- Road traffic order and safety is the state of orderly, safe, and smooth traffic on roads; formed and regulated by rules, principles, and legal norms in the field of road traffic.
- Road vehicle means vehicle of all types, including: motorized road vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “motorized vehicle”), road non-motorized vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “non-motorized vehicle”), heavy-duty vehicle, and similar type.
- Vehicles participating in road traffic are road vehicles participating in traffic on roads.
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Thus, road vehicles are types of vehicles, including: motorized road vehicle, road non-motorized vehicle, heavy-duty vehicle, and similar type.
What are road vehicles under the law in Vietnam? How are road vehicles classified in Vietnam? (Internet image)
How are road vehicles classified in Vietnam?
Based on Article 34 of the Law on Road Traffic Order and Safety 2024, road vehicles are classified as follows:
[1] Motorized vehicles include:
- Automobiles include: vehicles with four or more wheels running on engines, designed and manufactured to operate on roads, not running on rails, used for carrying people, goods, towing trailers, semi-trailers, or designed for special functions, may be connected to power lines; three-wheeled vehicles with a self-weight exceeding 400 kg; automobiles do not include four-wheeled motorized passenger vehicles and four-wheeled motorized cargo vehicles.
- Trailers are vehicles without an engine to move, designed and manufactured to operate on roads, towed by automobiles; the majority of the total mass of the trailer is not placed on the towing vehicle.
- Semi-trailers are vehicles without an engine to move, designed and manufactured to operate on roads; towed by tractor trucks and have a significant portion of the total mass placed on the tractor truck.
- Four-wheeled motorized passenger vehicles are vehicles with four or more wheels, running on engines, designed and manufactured to operate on roads, constructed to carry people, with a design speed not exceeding 30 km/h, allowable to carry a maximum of 15 people (excluding the driver).
- Four-wheeled motorized cargo vehicles are vehicles with four or more wheels, running on engines, designed and manufactured to operate on roads, constructed to carry goods, with the engine and cargo compartment mounted on the same chassis, with a maximum of two rows of seats and carrying a maximum of 05 people (excluding the driver), design speed not exceeding 60 km/h and self-weight not exceeding 550 kg; in the case of vehicles using electric engines, the engine power does not exceed 15 kW.
- Motorbikes include: vehicles with two or three wheels running on engines, designed and manufactured to operate on roads, excluding mopeds; for three-wheeled vehicles, the self-weight does not exceed 400 kg.
- Mopeds are vehicles with two or three wheels running on engines, designed and manufactured to operate on roads, with a design speed not exceeding 50 km/h; if the driving engine is a thermal engine, the working displacement or equivalent displacement does not exceed 50 cm3; if the driving engine is an electric engine, the engine power does not exceed 04 kW; mopeds do not include motor bicycles.
- Vehicles similar to the types mentioned above.
[2] Non-motorized vehicle include:
- Bicycles are vehicles with at least two wheels operated by human force through pedals or cranks.
- Motor bicycles, including electric bicycles, are bicycles with motor-assisted power, where the power source from the engine is cut off when the rider stops pedaling or when the vehicle reaches a speed of 25 km/h.
- Cyclo
- Wheelchairs for people with disabilities
- Animal-drawn vehicles
- Vehicles similar to the types mentioned above.
[3] Specialized Motorbikes include:
- Construction machinery
- Agricultural and forestry machinery
- Tractors
- Trailers, semi-trailers towed by tractors
- Motorbikes for special functions and purposes
- Special vehicles used for national defense, security purposes participating in road traffic
[4] Smart Traffic Vehicles are Motorized vehicles that allow partial or complete automation of vehicle control activities, route determination, and situation handling when participating in road traffic.
What conditions must motorized vehicles meet to participate in road traffic in Vietnam?
Based on Article 35 of the Law on Road Traffic Order and Safety 2024, the conditions for participation in road traffic in Vietnam are stipulated as follows:
Article 35. Conditions for participation in road traffic in Vietnam
1. Motorized vehicles, specialized motorbikes participating in road traffic must meet the following conditions:
a) Have been granted vehicle registration certificates and have license plates attached as prescribed by law;
b) Ensure technical safety quality and environmental protection in accordance with the provisions of the law.
2. Transport business automobiles must be equipped with journey monitoring devices. Automobiles carrying 08 or more passengers (excluding the driver's seat) for transport business, tractor trucks, and ambulances must be equipped with journey monitoring devices and driver image recording devices.
3. Smart traffic vehicles must meet the conditions specified in clause 1 of this Article and be authorized by the competent authority for operation.
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Thus, Motorized vehicles participating in road traffic must meet the following conditions:
- Have been granted vehicle registration certificates and have license plates attached as prescribed by law.
- Ensure technical safety quality and environmental protection in accordance with the provisions of the law.
