What are solar terms in the year 2025? On which days are employees in Vietnam permitted to take personal leave?
What are solar terms in the year 2025?
According to the perpetual calendar, there are 24 solar terms in a year. These correspond to the times when the Sun is at the longitudes: 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 105°, 120°, 135°, 150°, 165°, 180°, 195°, 210°, 225°, 240°, 255°, 270°, 285°, 300°, 315°, 330°, 345° relative to Earth. The following details the names, corresponding times, and meanings of the 24 solar terms in the year:
[1] Spring Solar Terms
Spring solar terms include Lichun (Start of Spring), Yushui (Rain Water), Jingzhe (Awakening of Insects), Chunfen (Spring Equinox), Qingming (Clear and Bright), and Guyu (Grain Rain).
- 1st Solar Term - Lichun (Start of Spring): Lichun may fall on February 4 or February 5 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 2nd Solar Term - Yushui (Rain Water): Yushui may fall on February 19 or February 20 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 3rd Solar Term - Jingzhe (Awakening of Insects): Jingzhe may fall on March 6 or March 7 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 4th Solar Term - Chunfen (Spring Equinox): Chunfen may fall on March 21 or March 22 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 5th Solar Term - Qingming (Clear and Bright): Qingming may fall on April 5 or April 6 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 6th Solar Term - Guyu (Grain Rain): Guyu may fall on April 20 or April 21 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
[2] Summer Solar Terms
Summer solar terms include Lixia (Start of Summer), Xiaoman (Grain Full), Mangzhong (Grain in Ear), Xiazhi (Summer Solstice), Xiaoshu (Minor Heat), and Dashu (Major Heat).
- 7th Solar Term - Lixia (Start of Summer): Lixia may fall on May 6 or May 7 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 8th Solar Term - Xiaoman (Grain Full): Xiaoman may fall on May 21 or May 22 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 9th Solar Term - Mangzhong (Grain in Ear): Mangzhong may fall on June 6 or June 7 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 10th Solar Term - Xiazhi (Summer Solstice): Xiazhi may fall on June 21 or June 22 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 11th Solar Term - Xiaoshu (Minor Heat): Xiaoshu may fall on July 7 or July 8 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 12th Solar Term - Dashu (Major Heat): Dashu may fall on July 22 or July 23 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
[3] Autumn Solar Terms
Autumn solar terms include Liqiu (Start of Autumn), Chushu (End of Heat), Bailu (White Dew), Qiufen (Autumn Equinox), Hanlu (Cold Dew), and Shuangjiang (Frost Descends).
- 13th Solar Term - Liqiu (Start of Autumn): Liqiu may fall on August 8 or August 9 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 14th Solar Term - Chushu (End of Heat): Chushu may fall on August 23 or August 24 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 15th Solar Term - Bailu (White Dew): Bailu may fall on September 8 or September 9 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 16th Solar Term - Qiufen (Autumn Equinox): Qiufen may fall on September 23 or September 24 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 17th Solar Term - Hanlu (Cold Dew): Hanlu may fall on October 8 or October 9 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 18th Solar Term - Shuangjiang (Frost Descends): Shuangjiang may fall on October 23 or October 24 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
[4] Winter Solar Terms
Winter solar terms include Lidong (Start of Winter), Xiaoxue (Minor Snow), Daxue (Major Snow), Dongzhi (Winter Solstice), Xiaohan (Minor Cold), and Dahan (Major Cold).
- 19th Solar Term - Lidong (Start of Winter): Lidong may fall on November 7 or November 8 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 20th Solar Term - Xiaoxue (Minor Snow): Xiaoxue may fall on November 22 or November 23 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 21st Solar Term - Daxue (Major Snow): Daxue may fall on December 7 or December 8 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 22nd Solar Term - Dongzhi (Winter Solstice): Dongzhi may fall on December 21 or December 22 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 23rd Solar Term - Xiaohan (Minor Cold): Xiaohan may fall on January 5 or January 6 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
- 24th Solar Term - Dahan (Major Cold): Dahan may fall on January 20 or January 21 of the Gregorian calendar annually.
What are solar terms in the year 2025? On which days are employees in Vietnam permitted to take personal leave? (Image from the Internet)
On which days are employees in Vietnam permitted to take personal leave?
Based on Article 115 of the Labor Code 2019 stipulating personal leave, unpaid leave:
Article 115. Personal leave, unpaid leave
- An employee is entitled to personal leave with full pay and must notify the employer in the following cases:
a) Marriage: 3 days off;
b) Biological or adopted child's marriage: 1 day off;
c) Death of biological father, mother, adoptive father, mother; biological father, mother, adoptive father, mother of the spouse; spouse; biological or adopted child: 3 days off.
- An employee is entitled to unpaid leave for 1 day and must notify the employer when a paternal or maternal grandparent, sibling dies; when a parent remarries; or when a sibling marries.
- Besides the provisions in clauses 1 and 2 of this Article, the employee may agree with the employer to take unpaid leave.
According to the above provisions, employees are entitled to personal leave with full pay on the following days:
- Marriage: 3 days off
- Biological or adopted child's marriage: 1 day off
- Death of biological father, mother, adoptive father, mother; biological father, mother, adoptive father, mother of the spouse; spouse; biological or adopted child: 3 days off
What are the fines for not allowing employees in Vietnam to take personal leave?
Based on Clause 1, Article 18 of Decree 12/2022/ND-CP stipulating violations regarding working hours and rest time:
Article 18. Violations regarding working hours and rest time
- A fine from VND 2,000,000 to VND 5,000,000 shall be imposed on an employer for any of the following acts:
a) Failing to ensure personal leave or unpaid leave for employees as prescribed by law;
b) Failing to notify in writing to the Department of Labor - Invalids and Social Affairs where overtime work is organized and where the main office is located on organizing overtime work over 200 hours to 300 hours in a year.
[...]
According to the above provisions, an employer who fails to ensure personal leave for an employee may be fined from VND 2,000,000 to VND 5,000,000.
Note: The above fine applies to individuals. Organizations committing the same violations shall be subject to a fine twice as much as applied for individuals. (Regulation in Clause 1, Article 6 Decree 12/2022/ND-CP)
