What are differences between temporary detainment according to criminal procedures and temporary detention of people under administrative procedures in Vietnam?

Temporary detainment according to criminal procedures

Temporary detention of people under administrative procedures

The offender violating criminal laws

(Article 117 of the Criminal Procedure Code in 2015)

The offender violating administrative laws

(Article 16 of the Decree 142/2021/ND-CP)

Mục đích

Temporary detainment according to criminal procedures is aimed at preventing crimes, preventing the arrested person from fleeing to avoid investigation, prosecution, trial, or continuing to commit offenses.

It is used to establish the grounds for prosecuting the defendant who has been arrested or to hand over a wanted person to the authority that issued the warrant.

(Article 109 of the Criminal Procedure Code in 2015)

Temporary detention of people under administrative procedures is aimed at preventing individuals who have committed administrative violations from continuing to violate the law and ensuring the enforcement of administrative penalty decisions.

Authority agencies

- Head and vice heads of investigation authorities;

- Heads of independent units at regiment level and equivalent ones, commanding officers of border protection posts; commanders of border protection units at border gates, captains of border protection units in provinces and centrally-affiliated cities, heads of border reconnaissance departments and drug and crime departments of the border protection force, heads of special services against drug and crime of the border protection force;

- zone commanders of maritime police force, heads of specialized and legal departments of the maritime police force, heads of special service of drug enforcement of the maritime police force;

- Heads of zonal bureaus of fisheries resources surveillances;

- Commanding pilots and captains of aircrafts and ships leaving airports or sea ports.

(Clause 2 Article 117 of the Criminal Procedure Code in 2015)

- Presidents of commune-level People’s Committee;

- Ward police heads;

- District Police Heads;

- The heads of the Police Bureaus for Administrative Management of Social Order;

- Heads of the Police Bureaus for order;

- Heads of the Police Bureaus for traffic in roadway, railway,

- Heads of the Police Bureaus for waterway;

- Heads of the Police Bureaus for Investigating Drug-related Crimes;

- Heads of Exit and Entry Management Bureaus under provincial-level Police Department;

- Heads of the Police Bureaus for Criminal-Judgment Execution and Justice Support

- Heads of the Police Bureaus for Prevention and Combat of Environmental Crimes;

- Heads of Mobile Police units of the company or higher level, heads of the Police Stations at border gates;

- The heads of the Ranger units, leaders of the Mobile Ranger teams;

- The heads of the Customs Sub- Department;

- The leaders of the Control Teams of the Customs Departments, the leaders of the Anti-Smuggling Inspection Teams and the leaders of the sea patrol flotillas under the Anti-Smuggling Investigation Department of the General Department of Customs;

- The leaders of the Market Management teams;

- The commanders of the border sub-regions, the commanders of the port border-gate, the commanders of the border fleets, commanders of the border flotillas, the heads of the border posts and the commanders of the border guard units stationing in border and island regions;

- Commanders of the Coast Guard flotillas, fleets, regional commnaders of coast guard;

- Airplane or ship captains or heads of trains when airplanes or ships leave airports or sea ports, stations;

- The judges chairing the court sessions.

(Article 17 of the Decree 142/2021/ND-CP)

Procedures

The person issuing the temporary detention decision must send the decision along with the supporting documents for the detention to the same-level Procuracy or the competent Procuracy within 12 hours from the time of issuing the temporary detention decision.

(Clause 4 Article 117 of the Criminal Procedure Code in 2015)

The temporary detention decision does not need to be sent to the same-level Procuracy or the competent Procuracy.

Place of detention

Nhà tạm giữ, hoặc buồng tạm giữ của trại tạm giam

Nhà tạm giữ hành chính hoặc buồng tạm giữ hành chính được bố trí tại trụ sở cơ quan, đơn vị nơi làm việc của người có thẩm quyền ra quyết định tạm giữ người vi phạm hành chính.

Trường hợp không có nhà tạm giữ hành chính hoặc buồng tạm giữ hành chính thì tạm giữ tại phòng trực ban hoặc phòng khác tại nơi làm việc, nhưng phải bảo đảm các quy định chung.

(Điều 22 Nghị định 142/2019/NĐ-CP)

Thời hạn tạm giữ

Không quá 03 ngày.

Trường hợp cần thiết thì có thể gia hạn tạm giữ nhưng không quá 03 ngày.

Trường hợp đặc biệt, người ra quyết định tạm giữ có thể gia hạn tạm giữ lần thứ hai nhưng không quá 03 ngày.

(Điều 118 Bộ luật Tố tụng hình sự 2015)

Không được quá 12 giờ;

Trong trường hợp cần thiết, thời hạn tạm giữ có thể kéo dài hơn nhưng không được quá 24 giờ, kể từ thời điểm bắt đầu giữ người vi phạm.

Đối với người vi phạm quy chế biên giới hoặc vi phạm hành chính ở vùng rừng núi xa xôi, hẻo lánh, hải đảo thì thời hạn tạm giữ có thể kéo dài hơn nhưng không được quá 48 giờ, kể từ thời điểm bắt đầu giữ người vi phạm.

(Điều 18 Nghị định 142/2019/NĐ-CP)