What are technical requirements for automatic fire detector in Vietnam?
I'm learning regulations on automatic fire alarm system. What are technical requirements for automatic fire detector in Vietnam? Thank you!
What are technical requirements for automatic fire detector in Vietnam? - image from internet
According to the regulations in Section 4 of the Vietnamese Standard TCVN 5738:2001, the technical requirements for automatic fire detectors are as follows:
4.1 Automatic fire detectors must ensure detecting fire according to designed functions and specifications in Table 1. Selection of automatic fire detector must base on properties of flammable substance, features of protecting environment and to characteristics of equipped units, refer to Annex A.
Table 1
| Specification | Heat detector | Smoke detector | Flame detector |
| Impact time | Not more than 120 seconds |
Not more than 30 seconds | Not more than 5 seconds |
| Impact threshold |
From 400C to Temperature |
Opaque level caused by smoke*: From 5 to 20%/m for conventional smoke detector From 20 to 70% on distance between projecting end and receiving end of projected beam-type smoke detector |
Open flame of 15mm height, 3m apart from fire detector |
| Atmospheric humidity at place setting fire detector |
Not more than 98% | Not more than 98% | Not more than 98% |
| Working temperature |
From -100C to 1700C |
From -100C to +500C | From -100C to +500C |
| Protecting area | From 15m2 to 50m2 | More than 50m2 to 100m2 ** | Pyramid with angle 1200, height from 3m to 7m. |
Note:
* Impact threshold of smoke detector is counted by opaque level caused by smoke per a given distance.
** Protecting area of projected beam-type smoke detector is area limited by distance between projecting end and receiving end (from 5 to 100m) and width at two sides along to projecting ray (15m): from 75 to 1500m2.
4.2 Fire detector must have indicating lamp once impacting. When automatic fire detector has not indicating lamp, the support of automatic fire detector must have substitute alarm lamp.
For wireless fire detector (radio fire detector and site fire detector), except for indicating lamp when impacted, its must have a lamp indicating the state of power supply.
4.3 Number of automatic fire detector to be installed in a protecting area depends on the necessity level to detect fire on the whole area of that area and must ensure economic, technical requirement.
If automatic fire alarm system is used for controlling automatic fire fighting system, each point in protecting area must be controlled by two automatic fire detectors of two different channels.
In case the house has suspending ceiling with technical systems, electric cables, signal cables installed between ceiling layers, it must further install fire detector on the upper ceiling.
4.4 Smoke detectors and heat detectors shall be installed on the ceiling or roof. If the installation on ceiling or roof is impossible, allow installing on the beam and column or hanging by wire under the ceiling in the condition that fire detectors must be apart less than 0.3m from the ceiling including size of automatic fire detector.
4.5 Smoke detectors and heat detectors must be installed in each compartment of the ceiling limited by members protruding down (girder, beam, panel side) more than 0.4m.
In case the ceiling with protruding down parts from 0.08m to 0.4m, installation of automatic fire detector is regarded as the ceiling without above protruding parts but the protecting area of an automatic fire detector shall be decreased by 25%.
In case protruding down parts pass over 0.4m and width over 0.75m, it must further install fire detector at those protruding parts.
4.6 In case material heap, supports, equipments and building components have highest point apart smaller or equal to 0.6m from the ceiling, automatic fire detector must be installed right above those positions.
4.7 Number of automatic fire detectors hang on one channel of fire alarm system depends on technical characteristics of fire alarm control panel but protecting area of each channel shall not be more than 2000m2 for open protecting area and 500m2 for closed area. Automatic fire detectors must be used according to their technical requirements, standards and technical files taking into account environment condition of protected place.
Note:
Open protecting area is the place where if fire happens, smoke, firelight shall be seen such as stores, producing workshop, meeting-hall…
Closed protecting area is the place where if fire happens, smoke, firelight shall not be seen such as cable trench, suspended ceiling, closed rooms…
4.8 In case fire alarm control panel without address indicating function of each automatic fire detector, automatic fire detectors hang on one channel shall allow control up to 20 rooms or areas on the same floor with shared corridor exit but outside of each room must have lamp indicating the fire impact of any fire detector installed in those rooms, simultaneously must ensure requirement of article 6.7.
In case rooms have glass door or glass wall with shared corridor from that the room inside can be seen through the glass wall or glass door, allow to not installing indicating lamp in that room.
4.9 The distance from fire detector to outside edge of blowing orifice of ventilation system or conditioner system shall not be smaller than 0.5m.
Not allow to lay fire detector directly in front of the above blowing orifice.
4.10 In case where a protecting area is installed with many kinds of fire detectors, the distance between detectors must ensure so that each position in that area is protected by at least one detector.
When a protecting area is equipped with combine detector, the distance between detectors shall be specified according to property of main inflammable substance of that area.
4.11 For protecting area with explosion hazard, it must use fire detector resistant to explosion.
In the area with high humidity and/or a lot of dust, it must use fire detector resistant to humidity and/or dust.
In the area with many insects, use fire detector competent to prevent insects from penetration into fire detector or there must be any method preventing insects from penetration into fire detector.
4.12 Smoke detector
4.12.1 Protecting area of one smoke detector, maximum distance between smoke detectors and between smoke detector and wall must be specified according to Table 2, but not be more than values given in technical requirement and technical files of smoke detector.
Table 2
|
Height of installing fire detector, m |
Protecting area of one fire detector, m2 |
Maximum distance, m |
|
|
Between detectors |
From fire detector to the wall |
||
|
Below 3.5 |
smaller than 100 |
10 |
5.0 |
|
From 3.5 to 6 |
smaller than 80 |
8.5 |
4.0 |
|
More than 6.0 to 10 |
smaller than 65 |
8.0 |
4.0 |
|
More than 10 to 12 |
smaller than 55 |
7.5 |
3.5 |
4.12.2 In rooms with width below 3m, allowable distance between smoke detectors is 15m.
4.12.3 Ionization smoke detector shall not be installed at the places with maximum wind speed greater than 10m/s.
4.12.4 Optical smoke detector shall not be installed at the places where inflammable substances, if burned, mainly cause black smoke.
4.12.5 For projected beam-type smoke detector, distance between straight line connecting the projecting end and receiving end of two pairs shall not be greater than 14m and distance to the wall or other fire detector shall not be over 7m. Between projecting end and receiving end of projected beam-type smoke detector, any object obstructing projected ray shall be not allowable.
4.13 Heat detector
4.13.1 Protecting area of a heat detector, maximum distance between heat detectors and between heat detector and the wall shall be determined according to Table 3 but shall not be greater than the values given in technical requirements and technical files of heat detector.
Table 3
|
Height of installing fire detector, m |
Protecting area of a fire detector, m2 |
Maximum distance, m |
|
|
Between detectors |
From fire detector to the wall |
||
|
Below 3.5 |
smaller than 50 |
7.0 |
3.5 |
|
From 3.5 to 6 |
smaller than 25 |
5.0 |
2.5 |
|
Greater than 6.0 to 9.0 |
smaller than 20 |
4.5 |
2.0 |
4.13.2 6.13.2 Impact threshold of heat detector must be greater 200C than maximum allowable temperature in the room.
4.14 Flame detector
4.14.1 Flame detectors in the rooms or area must be installed on the ceiling, the wall and other building components or directly on equipment to be protected.
4.14.2 Designing and laying flame detector must ensure so that protected area shall meet the condition given in Table 1 and the values in technical conditions and technical files of flame
Best regards!
