What are the content and requirements of knowledge of physics on nuclear and radioactivity in the high school curriculum in Vietnam?

No.

Content

Requirements to be met

15

Nuclear physics and radioactivity

Nuclear structure

- Derive the existence and evaluated the size of the nucleus from analyzing the results of the α-particle scattering experiment.

- Present the symbol for the nucleus of an atom by the number of nucleons and the number of protons.

- Describe a simple model of an atom consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Mass defect and nuclear binding energy

- Write the correct simple nuclear decay equation.

- Discuss the relation E = mc ² , stating the relationship between mass and energy.

- State the relationship between specific binding energy and stability of the nucleus.

- Describe nuclear fission and fusion.

- Discuss to evaluate the role of some nuclear industries in life.

Radioactivity and half-life

- State the spontaneous and random nature of radioactive decay.

- Define radioactivity, radioactivity constant and apply the relationship H = λN.

- Apply the formula x = x ₀ e ^{- λ t} , where x is the radioactivity, the number of particles that have not decayed or the rate of the number of particles counted.

- Define half-life.

- Briefly describe some properties of α, β and γ radioactivity.

- Identify radioactive location signs through signs.

- State the principles of radiation safety; Observe radiation safety rules.

No.

Content

Requirements to be met

1

Preamble

Introductory Chemistry

- State the object of study of chemistry.

- Presenting methods of studying and researching chemistry.

- State the role of chemistry in life, production, ...

No.

Content

Requirements to be met

2

Atomic structure

Components of an atom

- Present the composition of the atom (atom is extremely small; atom consists of 2 parts: nucleus and atomic shell; nucleus is made up of protons (p), neutrons (n); shell is made up of electrons (e); charge, mass of each particle).

- Compare the masses of electrons with protons and neutrons, and the size of the nucleus with the size of an atom.

Chemical elements

- Explain the concept of chemical elements, atomic numbers and atomic symbols.

- State the concept of isotope, atomic mass.

- Calculate the average atomic mass (in amu) based on the atomic mass and the percentage of atoms of the isotopes according to the mass spectrum provided.

The structure of the electron shell of an atom

- Present the Rutherford - Bohr model with the modern model describing the movement of electrons in atoms.

- Present the concept of layers, electron subshells and the relationship of the number of subshells in a class.

- Write the electron configuration of the atom according to the class, electron subshell and according to the orbital cell when knowing the atomic number Z of the first 20 elements in the periodic table.

- Based on the characteristics of the electron configuration of the outermost shell of an atom, predict the basic chemical properties (metal or nonmetal) of the corresponding element.