How much does it cost to get a tetanus shot in Vietnam? What are the guidelines for tetanus vaccination in cases of individuals at risk of tetanus infection due to injury?

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• How much does it cost to get a tetanus shot in Vietnam?
• Vietnam: What are the guidelines for tetanus vaccination in cases of individuals at risk of tetanus infection due to injury?
• What are the regulations on price of vaccination services in Vietnam?

How much does it cost to get a tetanus shot in Vietnam?

Tetanus is a severe acute disease that can be fatal, caused by the toxin of the tetanus bacteria (Clostridium tetani), characterized by muscle spasms on a background of increased muscle tension.

In developed countries, the annual incidence of tetanus is 0.1 - 0.2 cases per million population, with a mortality rate of 13.2%. In developing countries, there are about 1 million cases of tetanus each year, with 300,000 to 500,000 deaths. In Vietnam, the annual incidence of tetanus is 1.87 cases per 100,000 population, with a mortality rate below 5%.

(According to Decision 5642/QD-BYT in 2015 on the specialized document "Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of certain infectious diseases" issued by the Minister of Health).

Currently, tetanus vaccination has become necessary and receives a lot of attention. To answer the question of how much does tetanus vaccination cost, it is important to note that there are many different types of tetanus vaccines available. Therefore, the answer to the question of how much tetanus vaccination costs may vary depending on the specific vaccine.

For specific reference, the prices of some tetanus vaccines listed on the official website of VNVC are as follows:

Some tetanus vaccines:

6-in-1 vaccine Infanrix Hexa

6-in-1 vaccine Hexaxim

5-in-1 vaccine Pentaxim

4-in-1 vaccine Tetraxim

3-in-1 vaccine Adacel

3-in-1 vaccine Boostrix

Tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine

Tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine

Tetanus antitoxin (SAT)

The specific price list for tetanus vaccines.

Note: The above price list is for reference at a specific vaccination center (VNVC), the prices of tetanus vaccines at other facilities may vary.

How much does it cost to get a tetanus shot in Vietnam? (Image from the Internet)

Vietnam: What are the guidelines for tetanus vaccination in cases of individuals at risk of tetanus infection due to injury?

According to the information on the Preventive Health Department's information portal, the guidelines for tetanus vaccination in cases of individuals at risk of tetanus infection due to injury are as follows:

+ For individuals who have received complete tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccination:

(1) For mild wounds that are not contaminated and the last dose of TT was given more than 10 years ago, a booster dose of TT should be administered.

(2) For severe or contaminated wounds and if the individual has not received TT within the past 5 years, a booster dose of TT should be administered on the day of the injury.

+ For individuals who have not received complete basic immunity through TT vaccination, a dose of TT should be administered as soon as possible after the injury. If the wound is severe or contaminated, additional Tetanus Immune Globulin (TIG) should be administered.

+ For individuals who have not received basic immunity through TT vaccination, have not received all 3 doses of TT, or have an unclear vaccination history and have severe or contaminated wounds, a low dose of 250 IU of TIG (or Tetanus Antitoxic Serum - SAT with a dose of 1500-5000 IU) should be administered. TT, TIG, or SAT can be administered at the same time, but with separate syringes and at different injection sites.

- If SAT from animal sources is used, a sensitivity test should be performed to prevent anaphylactic shock. This can be done by injecting 0.02 ml of a diluted antitoxin solution (1:100 with physiological saline) into the skin and preparing an adrenaline syringe. For individuals who have previously received animal serum, an intradermal test should be performed using a diluted (1/1000) antitoxin solution, with a negative control using physiological saline. The results should be read after 15-20 minutes. If the negative control site and the antitoxin test site show an erythematous wheal with a diameter of 3 mm or larger, it indicates a positive test result and desensitization should be performed.

What are the regulations on price of vaccination services in Vietnam?

Pursuant to the provisions of Article 13 of Decree 104/2016/ND-CP, the price of vaccination services is regulated as follows:

Vaccine prices are determined according to:

- Buying prices;

- Transport and storage costs;

- Service provision costs.

Service provision costs vary according to the type of vaccine, number of injections or administration, and are inclusive of the following direct and indirect costs:

- Payment for health workers providing screening, consultancy, injection, and post-vaccination monitoring;

- Payment for consumed supplies;

- Payment for electricity and water supply, fuel, biomedical waste treatment and hygiene works serving the vaccination;

- Fixed asset depreciation; loan interest under loan contracts serving procurement of vaccination equipment (if any);

- Payment for indirect personnel and other rational costs serving the operation of the vaccination clinic.

Note: The costs covered by state budget shall not be included in vaccination prices under expanded immunization programs and vaccinations against epidemics.