What is the Human Development Index (HDI)? How to calculate the Human Development Index in Vietnam?
In Decision 05/2023/QD-TTg on the system of statistical indicators at provincial, district and commune levels issued by the Prime Minister, there are regulations on the system of statistical indicators at provincial, district and commune levels. and content of statistical indicators. The Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the statistical indicators of the Provincial Statistical Indicator System.
In addition, based on Appendix 1 issued together with Decree 94/2022/ND-CP, the Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the statistical indicators under the National Statistical Indicator System.
Vietnam: What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?
Pursuant to the Human Development Index (T1801) guided in the Appendices issued together with Decision 05/2023/QD-TTg and Appendix 1 issued with Decree 94/2022/ND-CP
The human development index (HDI) is a composite measure reflecting human development in the following aspects: Health (expressed in average life expectancy from birth); knowledge (expressed through education) and income (expressed as gross national income per capita).
Vietnam: What are the calculation methods of the Human Development Index (HDI)?
Based on the Human Development Index (T1801) guided in the Appendices issued together with Decision 05/2023/QD-TTg and Appendix 1 issued together with Decree 94/2022/ND-CP, the method to calculate the Human Development Index (HDI) is:
The human development index is calculated according to the formula:
In there:
HDI: | Human Development Index; |
I-Health: | Health index, calculated through the average life expectancy at birth; also known as life expectancy at birth or life expectancy at birth; |
I-Education: | Education index, calculated through 2 indicators: Average years of schooling of people aged 25 and over and expected years of schooling of children of school age; |
I-Income: | Income index, calculated through the index of gross national income (GNI) per capita according to purchasing power parity (PPP). |
HDI takes a value between 0 and 1 (0 ≤ HDI ≤ 1). HDI reaches a maximum of 1, representing the ideal level of human development; The minimum HDI is 0, indicating a society without humanistic development. Human development rankings of countries, territories or regions, regions, localities, and populations in the area of a country or territory are classified into 4 groups:
- Group 1: Reaching very high level with HDI ≥ 0.800;
- Group 2: Reaching high level with 0.700 ≤ HDI < 0.800;
- Group 3: Reaching the average level with 0.550 ≤ HDI < 0.700;
- Group 4: Reaching low level with HDI < 0.550.
In addition, there is a method to calculate the component index
(1) Health Index
(2) Education Index
Education index is calculated through 02 indicators:
- Average years of schooling of people aged 25 and over;
- Expected years of schooling of school-age children.
Corresponding to two indicators, there are two indicators that need to be calculated. Because in order to determine the value of the education index constituting the HDI, it is necessary to go through 3 steps
Step 1: Calculate the average number of years of schooling of people aged 25 and over (hereinafter referred to as the average number of years of schooling) according to the formula
Step 2: Calculate the index of expected years of schooling of children of school age (hereinafter referred to as expected years of schooling) according to the formula
Step 3: Calculate the education index
(3) Income index
The income index is determined using the natural logarithm of gross national income (GNI) per capita in purchasing power parity (PPP) (usually referred to in US dollars (USD - PPP)).
What is the Human Development Index (HDI)? How to calculate the Human Development Index in Vietnam? (Image from the Internet)
What is the data source of the Human Development Index when performing statistical work in Vietnam?
Based on the Human Development Index (T1801) guided in the Appendices issued together with Decision 05/2023/QD-TTg and Appendix 1 issued together with Decree 94/2022/ND-CP, the source The data of the Human Development Index when performing statistical work is:
- Population and housing census;
- Economic Census;
- Midterm census of population and housing;
- Survey of population change and family planning;
- Survey on living standards of Vietnamese people;
- Consumer price survey (CPI);
- Enterprise investigation;
- Administrative reports;
- International Comparative Program (ICP).
Decision 05/2023/QD-TTg will take effect from April 15, 2023
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