Vietnam: What is the proposal to ensure a reasonable population structure? What are the measures to adapt to population ageing, aging population?
What is population ageing, aging population in Vietnam?
Population ageing or population ageing is understood as an increase in the median age of a region's population due to declining fertility rates and/or increased life expectancy.
In most countries, life expectancy is increasing and populations are aging (this trend was initially elevated in developed economies, but is now also seen in less economically developed countries).
Proposed in Clause 13 Article 2 of the Draft Population Law, population ageing is a demographic transition process when the number of people aged 60 and over accounts for 10% of the population or the number of people aged 65 and over accounts for 7% of the population.
And Clause 14 Article 2 of the Draft Law on Population, aging population is when the number of people aged 60 and over accounts for from 20% to less than 30% of the population or the number of people aged 65 and over accounts for from 14% to less than 21% of the population.
Vietnam: What is the proposal to ensure a reasonable population structure? What are the measures to adapt to population ageing, aging population?
What is the proposal to ensure a reasonable population structure in Vietnam?
Population structure is the total population classified by gender, age, ethnicity, education level, occupation, marital status and related characteristics (Clause 3, Article 2 of the Draft Population Law)
To ensure a reasonable population structure, Article 20 of the Draft Population Law proposes the following policies:
- The State shall adopt policies and measures to prevent the selection of fetal sex in order to ensure sex balance at birth according to the laws of natural reproduction in order to create a reasonable population structure in terms of sex and age.
- The State shall implement policies on socio-economic development, science-technology, education - training and employment of labor in accordance with the population structure; ensure gender equality to meet the rapid and sustainable socio-economic development of the country and each locality.
- Agencies and organizations responsible for formulating socio-economic development policies and plans must ensure gender equality, balance in gender, age and occupational structure in each region, geo-economic region and each administrative unit.
What are measures to adapt to population ageing and population ageing proposed in Vietnam?
Article 23 of the Draft Population Law proposes measures to adapt to population ageing and population ageing, specifically:
- Implement policies to protect, nurture, care for and promote the role of the elderly; encourage the elderly in need and eligible to participate in socio-economic activities.
- Building a society to adapt to population ageing and population ageing
+ Building a friendly environment for the elderly;
+ The State, agencies and organizations elaborating and implementing programs and projects on socio-economic infrastructure must integrate contents adapted to population ageing and aging population;
+ The State shall adopt policies to develop various types of insurance for the elderly; ensure that all elderly people have health insurance cards;
+ State; agencies and organizations that have training and career change programs and projects for employees before becoming elderly in accordance with their needs, health, qualifications, capacity and market demands;
+ Agencies and organizations providing legal consultancy and assistance suitable to the elderly;
+ Individuals and employees actively improve their knowledge, take care of their own health, prepare psychologically, shelter and finance appropriately;
+ The employer shall create working conditions for the elderly suitable to their needs, health, qualifications and capacity;
+ Incorporating contents of measures to adapt to population ageing and aging population into development plans of countries, ministries, branches, localities, agencies and organizations.
- Nursing Fund
+ Nursing funds are established and operate in accordance with law to support long-term care for the elderly on the principle of contribution - benefit;
+ Financial sources of the Fund are formed on the basis of voluntary contributions of people aged 40 years or older, support from the State budget, grants from domestic and foreign organizations and individuals.
- Long-term care for the elderly
+ Long-term care for the elderly shall comply with the principle of combining prevention, health promotion, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care;
+ Development of geriatrics, nursing homes, day care establishments combined with health care for the elderly at home and community;
+ Organize training, continuous training, fostering and development of human resources on long-term care for the elderly for health workers, population, village health workers, population collaborators, social workers, volunteers and care workers; training specialists and doctors specializing in geriatrics;
+ Promulgate regulations and professional guidance for long-term care establishments for the elderly and long-term care for the elderly in the community.
- Responsibility for implementation
+ The Government shall detail Point c, Clause 2 and Clause 3 of this Article;
+ The Prime Minister shall detail Point a, Clause 2 of this Article; promulgate programs and schemes on adaptation to population ageing and aging population;
+ The Minister of Health of Vietnam shall detail Point d, Clause 4 of this Article; assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with concerned ministries and sectors in, organizing the implementation of programs and projects on long-term care for the elderly;
+ The Ministry of Labor, War Invalids and Social Affairs in Vietnam shall assume the prime responsibility for, and coordinate with concerned ministries, sectors, agencies and organizations in, implementing programs, schemes and projects on social protection, vocational education and job creation for the elderly;
+ Ministries, ministerial-level agencies and provincial-level People's Committees shall, within the ambit of their functions and tasks, the assignment of the Government and the Prime Minister organize the implementation of measures specified in this Draft.
Thư Viện Pháp Luật