Vietnam: What are the differences between explosive pyrotechnic composition and consumer firework pyrotechnic composition? What are the notable principles in research, manufacturing, import, export, and supply of firecrackers?
- What are the differences between explosive pyrotechnic composition and consumer firework pyrotechnic composition in Vietnam?
- Who is required to receive technical safety training during the manufacturing, management, preservation, and use of fireworks and explosive pyrotechnic compositions in Vietnam?
What are the differences between explosive pyrotechnic composition and consumer firework pyrotechnic composition in Vietnam?
According to Clause 2, Article 3 of Decree 137/2020/ND-CP, pyrotechnic composition consists of 2 types:
Type 1) Explosive pyrotechnic composition is a product directly used to manufacture firecrackers, creates rapid, intense, exothermic and fuming chemical reactions and generates large pressure and explosion sound effects under mechanical, thermal, chemical or electrical impact;
Type 2) Consumer firework pyrotechnic composition is a product directly used to manufacture consumer fireworks, creates rapid, intense, exothermic and fuming chemical reactions and generates colorful effects without emitting explosion sound effects under mechanical, thermal, chemical or electrical impact.
Explosive pyrotechnic composition | Consumer firework pyrotechnic composition | |
Concept | Be a product directly used to manufacture firecrackers | Be a product directly used to manufacture consumer fireworks |
Physical + chemical properties | Create rapid, intense, exothermic and fuming chemical reactions and generate large pressure and explosion sound effects under mechanical, thermal, chemical or electrical impact | Create rapid, intense, exothermic, and fuming chemical reactions and generate colorful effects without emitting explosion sound effects under mechanical, thermal, chemical or electrical impact |
Sound | Generate an explosion sound | Do not generate an explosion sound |
What are the notable principles in research, manufacturing, import, export, and supply of firecrackers in Vietnam?
According to Clauses 1, 2 and 3, Article 10 of Decree 137/2020/ND-CP on research, manufacturing, import, export and supply of fireworks and explosive pyrotechnic compositions:
- Research, manufacturing and supply of fireworks according to order of regulatory agencies must conform to regulations and law on security, order, fire prevention, environmental protection; include regulations and measures for protection; ensure adequate resources and equipment to meet ability prevent and respond to environmental emergencies;
+ Locations for research, manufacturing and storage must ensure separation distance from residential areas, public structures, cultural, social, historical structures, restricted areas, protected areas;
+ Managers and employees participating in research and manufacturing must be trained in terms of safety, fire prevention, accident response, occupational safety and hygiene techniques during research and manufacturing.
- The Prime Minister of Vietnam shall decide on organizations and enterprises affiliated to the Minister of National Defense allowed to conduct research, manufacture, export, import and/or supply fire firecrackers according to order of regulatory agencies and request of the Minister of National Defense.
Supply for organizations and agencies which are allowed to employ fireworks only applies to cases in which fireworks are allowed (specified under Article 11 of Decree 137/2020/ND-CP)
- Research and manufacturing of fireworks according to order of regulatory agencies shall conform to Decree No. 32/2019/ND-CP dated April 10, 2019 of the Government on assignment, order placement or bidding for product and public service provision using state budget from recurrent expenditure.
Who is required to receive technical safety training during the manufacturing, management, preservation, and use of fireworks and explosive pyrotechnic compositions in Vietnam?
Under Clause 1, Article 18 of Decree 137/2020/ND-CP amended by Clause 8, Article 3 of Decree 56/2023/ND-CP:
The following individuals must receive technical safety training during the manufacturing, management, preservation, and use of fireworks and explosive pyrotechnic compositions:
(1) Managers;
(2) Workers directly manufacturing fireworks and explosive pyrotechnic composition;
(3) Individuals assigned to manage storage of fireworks and explosive pyrotechnic composition;
(4) Firing commanders of fireworks;
(5) Users of fireworks;
(6) Individuals guarding and unloading at storage of fireworks and explosive pyrotechnic composition; individuals escorting and operating means of transport of fireworks and explosive pyrotechnic composition.
In addition, the training contents are also specified in Clause 3, Article 18 of Decree 137/2020/ND-CP, including:
- Regulations and law in manufacturing, managing, preserving and using fireworks and pyrotechnic composition; manufacturing and trading consumer fireworks;
- Safety requirements when making contact with consumer fireworks, fireworks and pyrotechnic composition;
Management measures and safety techniques in manufacturing, managing, preserving and using fireworks, pyrotechnic composition and in manufacturing, trading consumer fireworks;
Disposing of consumer fireworks, fireworks and pyrotechnic composition; danger signs and symbols of packages, containers and transportation;
Arrangement and preservation methods of consumer fireworks, fireworks and pyrotechnic composition; safety requirements during unloading, preservation and transportation processes;
- Identification of risks, danger factors and risk assessment regarding security, safety, fire prevention and natural disasters in manufacturing, management, preservation and use of consumer fireworks, fireworks and pyrotechnic composition;
- Response training in case of incidents during manufacturing, management, preservation and use of consumer fireworks, fireworks and pyrotechnic composition;
- Requirements when operating manufacturing machinery and equipment and safety working measures;
- Requirements for storage, devices and equipment satisfactory to safety, fire prevention, lightning protection and static control of storage conditions;
- Components, characteristics, classification and quality of consumer fireworks, fireworks and pyrotechnic composition; regulations on experimenting, examining and quality control measures for consumer fireworks and fireworks; requirements for packaging and labeling consumer fireworks, fireworks and pyrotechnic composition;
- Procedures for extraction, input and inventory of consumer fireworks, fireworks and pyrotechnic composition;
- Firing methods and safety measures for fireworks; impact of firing fireworks on constructions, the environment and human beings; identification of separation distance when firing fireworks; development of firing methods for fireworks.
LawNet