Types of Accounting Books for Enterprises Updated for 2023: What Forms of Accounting Books are Available for Enterprises Today?
What are the latest types of accounting books for enterprises in 2023?
Based on sub-item 1 of Appendix 4 issued together with Circular 200/2014/TT-BTC, the following regulations on types of accounting books are specified:
Accounting books for enterprises under the latest regulations currently include two types: general accounting books and detailed accounting books.
- General accounting books include: Journal Book, General Ledger.- Detailed accounting books include: Detailed Accounting Books, Cards.
To be specific, the usage and content of general accounting books and detailed accounting books are as follows:
(1) General accounting books
- The Journal Book is used to record economic and financial transactions occurring during each accounting period and fiscal year, in chronological order and according to the nature of the transactions. Accounting data in the Journal Book reflect the total debit and credit entries of all accounts used in the enterprise. The Journal Book must fully reflect the following contents:+ Date of entry;+ Number and date of the accounting document used as the basis for entry;+ Summary content of the economic and financial transactions occurring;+ Amount of the economic and financial transactions occurring.
- The General Ledger is used to record economic and financial transactions occurring during each period and fiscal year according to the accounts specified in the accounting policies applied to the enterprise. Accounting data in the General Ledger reflect the overall situation of assets, capital sources, the situation, and results of production and business activities of the enterprise. The General Ledger must fully reflect the following contents:+ Date of entry;+ Number and date of the accounting document used as the basis for entry;+ Summary content of the economic and financial transactions occurring;+ Amount of the economic and financial transactions entered in the debit or credit side of the account.
(2) Detailed accounting books and cards
Detailed accounting books and cards are used to record economic and financial transactions related to accounting subjects that need to be tracked in detail according to management requirements.
The data on detailed accounting books and cards provide information for managing each type of asset, capital source, revenue, and expenses not reflected in the Journal Book and General Ledger. The quantity, structure of detailed accounting books, and cards are not mandatorily regulated.
Enterprises, based on the state's guiding regulations on detailed accounting books and cards and the management requirements of the enterprise, can open the necessary, appropriate detailed accounting books, and cards.
*What are the latest types of accounting books for enterprises in 2023? Are there any forms of accounting books for enterprises?*
What are the principles and basic characteristics of the forms of accounting books?
Based on Appendix 4 issued together with Circular 200/2014/TT-BTC, the principles and basic characteristics of the forms of accounting books include:
(1) For the General Journal accounting form:
The principles and basic characteristics of the General Journal accounting form are that all economic and financial transactions occurring must be recorded in the Journal Book, primarily the General Journal, in chronological order and according to the economic nature (accounting entry) of the transaction. Afterward, data from the Journal Books are used to enter the General Ledger for each transaction occurring.
(2) General Journal - General Ledger accounting form
The basic characteristics of the General Journal - General Ledger accounting form are that economic and financial transactions occurring are recorded in both chronological order and economic nature (according to accounting accounts) in a single comprehensive accounting book, the General Journal - General Ledger. The basis for recording in the General Journal - General Ledger is accounting documents or Summary Tables of similar accounting documents.
(3) Accounting form of Vouchers recording
The basic characteristics of the Vouchers recording accounting form are that the direct basis for recording comprehensive accounting books is the "Voucher." Recording in comprehensive accounting books involves:- Recording in chronological order in the Voucher Registration Book.- Recording according to economic nature in the General Ledger.
The voucher is prepared by the accountant based on individual accounting documents or Summary Tables of similar accounting documents with the same economic nature. The voucher is continuously numbered within each month or year (according to the sequence in the Voucher Registration Book) and must be approved by the chief accountant before recording in the accounting book.
(4) The Journal - Voucher accounting form
The basic characteristics of the Journal - Voucher accounting form are:- Compiling and systematizing occurring economic transactions based on the credit side of accounts, combined with analyzing these transactions according to the corresponding debit accounts.- Closely integrating the recording of economic transactions occurring in chronological order with systematizing transactions according to economic nature (according to accounts).- Widely combining comprehensive and detailed accounting in a single accounting book and through a single recording process.- Using pre-printed forms of reciprocal accounts, economic, and financial management targets, and preparing financial reports.
(5) Computerized accounting form
The basic characteristics of computerized accounting form are that accounting work is carried out using an accounting software program on a computer. The accounting software is designed according to the principles of one of the four accounting forms mentioned above or a combination of these forms.
The accounting software does not fully display the accounting recording process but must fully print accounting books and financial statements as required. Accounting software designed according to any accounting form will have the types of books of that accounting form but not exactly like hand-written accounting books.
What forms of accounting books are available for enterprises?
Based on sub-item 1 of Appendix 4 issued together with Circular 200/2014/TT-BTC, the forms of accounting books for enterprises include:
- General Journal accounting form;- General Journal - General Ledger accounting form;- Voucher recording accounting form;- Journal - Voucher accounting form;- Computerized accounting form.
Each form of accounting books has specific regulations on the number, structure, templates, entry procedures, methods, and the relationship between the accounting books.
LawNet