How many meters is 1 nautical mile equal to? How many nautical miles is the length of the seas of Vietnam under the current regulations?
How many meters is 1 nautical mile equal to?
Nautical miles also known as sea miles (symbol: NM or nmi) are a unit of maritime length. The international nautical mile defined by the first International Hydrographic Conference, Monaco (1929) is exactly 1852 meters.
There is no official document showing the specific convention from nautical mile to meter. To answer this question, currently, based on international convention:
1 nautical mile = 1852 m (about 6076.115486 feet)
We can easily convert 1 nautical mile to meters by the formula:
[Number of nautical miles to be converted] x 1852 = ....(m)
Example:
1 nautical mile = 1852 m
2 nautical miles = 2 x 1852 = 3704 m
3 nautical miles = 3 x 1852 = 5556 m
10 nautical miles = 10 x 1852 = 18520 m
.....
How many nautical miles is the length of the seas of Vietnam under the current regulations?
Based on the provisions of the Law on Vietnamese Sea 2012 and the Convention on the Law on Vietnamese Sea in 1982, the seas of Vietnam currently include the following sea lengths :
+ The territorial waters are seas with a breadth of 12 nautical miles, measured from baselines to sea.
+ The zone being contiguous to the territorial sea is an adjacent sea area, with a breadth of 12 nautical miles measured from the outer limits of the territorial waters.
+ The exclusive economic zones are adjacent sea zones and outside of Vietnam’s territorial sea, which combine with territorial waters into a sea area with a breadth of 200 nautical miles measured from baselines.
+ The continental shelves comprise the sea bed and subsoil under sea beds that extend beyond Vietnam’s territorial sea, on the entire of the natural prolongation part of land territory, islands and archipelagoes of Vietnam to the outer edge of the continental margin.
In case the outer edge of this continental margin to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baselines, The continental shelves thereof shall be prolonged to 200 nautical miles measured from the baselines.
In case the outer edge of this continental margin to a distance of over 200 nautical miles from the baselines, The continental shelves thereof shall be prolonged to not exceed 350 nautical miles measured from the baselines or not exceed 100 nautical miles measured from the 2,500-metre isobath.
What are the current nautical mile symbols?
- M: used as an abbreviation for nautical miles by the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) and the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) with implications in hydrological research activities as well as possible applications in performing analyses and determining corresponding distances. In addition, it is used and recognized with the distance measurement unit of the BIPM organization.
The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) uses the symbol M but still recognizes NM, nm, and nmi as symbols used for nautical miles.
- NM: used by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for aviation activities and significant, for taking flights and often having to travel between areas or flying in space and below is the sea. Measurement helps calculate the distance traveled as well as the time needed to ensure flight performance or calculate the amount of fuel needed for a flight of that distance.
In Vietnam, we use this symbology. It is also sometimes used Vietnameseized as HL (nautical miles).
- nm (symbol of nanometer in the SI measurement system): used by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), associated with related work and implementation of applications in nautical mile measurement.
- nmi: used by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO).
- nq (abbreviation for French nautique): used by the French Navy in writing ship's logbooks
What are the regulations on innocent passage in the territorial waters of Vietnam?
Pursuant to the provisions of Article 23, Law on Vietnamese Sea 2012, the innocent passage in territorial waters of Vietnam is passage in Vietnam’s territorial waters by foreign vessels aiming to one of the following purposes:
+ Traversing that sea without entering the internal waters of Vietnam or mooring at a port facility, harbor, or shelter outside the internal waters of Vietnam;
+ Going into or leaving from the internal waters of Vietnam or mooring or leaving from a port facility, harbor, shelter outside internal waters of Vietnam;
The innocent passage in the territorial waters of Vietnam must comply with the following principles:
(1) Passage for the purposes specified in Clause 1, Article 23 of Law on Vietnamese Sea 2012
(2) Passage shall be continuous and expeditious, except for meeting maritime accidents, force majeure cases or distress or for the purpose of salvage and assistance to persons, ships or aircraft in distress.
(3) Innocent passage in territorial waters shall not be prejudicial to peace, National defense and security of Vietnam, safety and order at sea.
Passage in territorial waters by foreign vessels shall be considered to be prejudicial to peace, National defense and security of Vietnam, social safety and order if such vessels commit any of the following acts:
+ Any threat or use of force against the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Vietnam;
+ Any threat or use of force against the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of orther nations; or in any other manner in violation of the basic principles of international law embodied in the Charter of the United Nations;
+ Any exercise or practice with weapons of any kind, any form;
+ Any act aimed at collecting information to the prejudice of the defense or security of Vietnam;
+ Any act of propaganda aimed at affecting the defense or security of Vietnam;
+ The launching, landing or taking on board of any aircraft;
= The launching, landing or taking on board of any military device;
= The loading or unloading of any commodity, currency or person contrary to the customs, tax, immigration or health laws of Vietnam;
= Any act of sea environment wilful and serious pollution;
+ Any illegal fishing activities;
+ The carrying out of illegal research or investigation, exploration activities;
+ Any act aimed at interfering with any systems of communication or any other facilities or installations of Vietnam;
+ Any other activity not related directly to the passage.
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