What are the bodies of the State apparatus of Vietnam? Who are the heads of the bodies in the current state apparatus?
How is the State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam defined by the Constitution?
The provisions of Article 2 of the 2013 Constitution of Vietnam affirm that the State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a socialist state ruled by law and of the People, by the People and for the People.
The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the country where the People are the masters; all the state power belongs to the People and is based on the alliance of the working class, the peasantry and the intelligentsia.
The state power is unified and delegated to state agencies which coordinate with and control one another in the exercise of the legislative, executive and judicial powers.
What are the bodies of the State apparatus of Vietnam? Who are the heads of the bodies in the current state apparatus?
According to the Constitution, which bodies are included in the state apparatus of Vietnam?
The state apparatus is the totality of state agencies from the central to local levels, organized and operating according to unified principles, forming a synchronous mechanism to perform the tasks and functions of the state.
In particular, a state agency is a constituent part of the state apparatus, this is an organization (or individual) carrying state power established and authorized by law with the purpose of implementing the duties and functions of the state.
The State apparatus of Vietnam according to the Constitution includes: the National Assembly, the President, the Government, the People's Court, the People's Procuracy, and the local government.
National Assembly:
In the State apparatus of Vietnam, the National Assembly is the highest representative body of the People, the highest organ of state power of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The National Assembly exercises constitutional rights, legislative powers, decides on important issues of the country, and supremely supervises the activities of the State.
Government
In the Vietnamese State apparatus, the Government is the executive organ. The Government is the highest state administrative body of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, exercising executive power, and the executive body of the National Assembly.
The Government is responsible to the National Assembly and reports on its work to the National Assembly, the National Assembly Standing Committee, and the President.
The Government is composed of the Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Ministers, Ministers and Heads of ministerial-level agencies.
The structure and number of Government members shall be decided by the National Assembly.
The government works according to the collective system, making decisions by majority.
The Prime Minister is the head of the Government, responsible to the National Assembly for the activities of the Government and assigned tasks; to report on the work of the Government and the Prime Minister to the National Assembly, the National Assembly Standing Committee, and the President.
The Deputy Prime Minister assists the Prime Minister in performing the tasks assigned by the Prime Minister and is responsible to the Prime Minister for the assigned tasks. When the Prime Minister is absent, a Deputy Prime Minister is authorized by the Prime Minister to lead the work of the Government on behalf of the Prime Minister.
Ministers and heads of ministerial-level agencies are personally responsible before the Prime Minister, the Government and the National Assembly for the sectors and fields they are assigned to be in charge of, and together with other members of the Government are collectively responsible for the government’s activities.
The People's Court
The People's Court is the judicial organ of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, exercising judicial power. The People's Court consists of the Supreme People's Court and other courts prescribed by law.
The People's Courts have the task of protecting justice, human rights, citizens' rights, the socialist regime, the interests of the State, and the legitimate rights and interests of organizations and individuals.
People's Procuracy
The People's Procuracy exercises the right to prosecute and supervise judicial activities. The People's Procuracy consists of the Supreme People's Procuracy and other procuracies prescribed by law.
The People's Procuracy has the duty to protect the law, human rights, citizens' rights, the socialist regime, the interests of the State, and the legitimate rights and interests of organizations, individuals, contributing to ensuring the strict and uniform observance of the law.
Local government
In the State apparatus of Vietnam, there are also local governments. Local government is organized in administrative units of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Administrative units include: provincial, district and commune levels.
Currently, Vietnam has 05 cities directly under the Central Government including Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hai Phong, Da Nang, Can Tho and 58 provinces.
The local government level consists of the People's Council and the People's Committee, which is organized in accordance with the characteristics of rural areas, urban areas, islands, and special administrative-economic units prescribed by law.
- People's Assembly
The People's Council is the local state power agency, representing the will, aspirations and mastery of the People, elected by the local People, responsible to the local People and superior state agencies.
The People's Council decides on local issues prescribed by law; supervises the observance of the Constitution and local laws and the implementation of resolutions of the People's Council.
- People's Committee
The People's Committee at the local government level, elected by the People's Council of the same level, is the executive body of the People's Council, the local state administrative agency, and is responsible to the People's Council and superior state administrative agencies.
The People's Committee organizes the implementation of the Constitution and laws in their localities; organize the implementation of resolutions of the People's Council and perform tasks assigned by superior state agencies.
Who are the heads of agencies in the State apparatus of Vietnam nowadays?
According to the provisions of the 2013 Constitution of Vietnam, the heads of agencies in the current Vietnamese state apparatus include:
National Assembly:
The current National Assembly is the XV National Assembly of Vietnam (term of 2021-2026) with 499 delegates.
The current President of the National Assembly is Mr. Vuong Dinh Hue
President of Vietnam: Specified in Article 86 of the 2013 Constitution of Vietnam
The President of Vietnam is the Head of State and shall represent the Socialist Republic of Vietnam internally and externally.
The term of office of the President follows the term of the National Assembly. When the National Assembly's term expires, the President continues to perform his duties until the new National Assembly elects the President.
In the term 2021-2026, the President is Mr. Nguyen Xuan Phuc. However, on January 17, 2023, the National Assembly dismissed President Nguyen Xuan Phuc from office.
On the afternoon of January 18, 2023, the National Assembly held an extraordinary meeting to decide on the appointment of the President. According to the results of the extraordinary meeting, Ms. Vo Thi Anh Xuan will hold the position of President until the National Assembly considers and appoints a new President.
Government: specified in Article 95 of the 2013 Constitution of Vietnam
The Prime Minister of Vietnam is the head of the Government and responsible to the National Assembly for the work of the Government and assigned tasks; and shall report on the work of the Government and the Prime Minister to the National Assembly, the Standing Committee of the National Assembly and the President.
The current Prime Minister of Vietnam is Mr. Pham Minh Chinh.
The People's Court:
The term of office of the Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court follows that of the National Assembly. The appointment, relief from duty, dismissal and term of office of Chief Justices of other Courts shall be prescribed by law.
The Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court is Mr. Nguyen Hoa Binh.
People's Procuracy:
The People's Procuracy exercises the right to prosecute and supervise judicial activities. The People's Procuracy consists of the Supreme People's Procuracy and other procuracies prescribed by law.
The current Chief Procurator of the Supreme People's Procuracy is Mr. Le Minh Tri.
Nguyễn Thị Hồng Nhung
