What are the United States' policies on foreign affairs after World War II? How many lessons does the 12th-grade History curriculum in Vietnam include?
What are the United States' policies on foreign affairs after World War II?
The U.S. policies on foreign affairs after World War II were developed based on the ambition of global domination with the primary objective of establishing a leading world position, eliminating communism, and preventing national liberation movements. This was clearly demonstrated through the global strategy that the U.S. pursued during the Cold War era.
Regarding the Global Strategy of the U.S.
- Objective: to pursue the ambition of global dominance. To prevent and eliminate communism led by the Soviet Union. To deter and suppress national liberation movements in colonial and semi-colonial countries.
- Manifestations of the U.S. global strategy involved implementing measures in economics, politics, military, and culture to dominate and control nations worldwide.
Simultaneously, military power was used to directly intervene in critical regions where communist movements or national liberation movements were gaining strength (such as Vietnam, Korea, the Middle East, and Latin America).
Specific Manifestations of the Global Strategy
- Prevention of communism:
+ The U.S. implemented a Containment policy aimed at preventing the expansion of communism beyond the territories it controlled.
+ Deploy troops to engage in the Korean War (1950-1953) and invade Vietnam (1955-1975) to stop the spread of communist governments.
- Suppressing of National Liberation Movements:
+ Support puppet regimes in Asia, Africa, and Latin America to combat independence movements.
+ Military interventions, economic, and political support for anti-communist governments such as in South Vietnam, the Philippines, and Latin American countries.
- Establishment of Military Alliances:
+ Form military blocs such as NATO (1949), and SEATO (1954) to counter the Soviet Union and socialist countries.
+ Allie nations friendly to the U.S. to create an "anti-communist belt" encircling the Soviet Union and China.
- Psychological Warfare and Propaganda:
+ Use media to promote democratic and freedom values and attack communist governments.
+ Support anti-communist organizations in many countries through funds and economic aid.
Note: The above content is for reference purposes only!
What are the United States' policies on foreign affairs after World War II? How many lessons does the 12th-grade History curriculum in Vietnam include? (Image from Internet)
How many lessons does the 12th-grade History curriculum in Vietnam include?
In the general education program for History issued in conjunction with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the 12th-grade History curriculum includes 105 lessons per school year - 35 weeks. Within this, 70 lessons are dedicated to core content topics. The estimated percentage of time allocated to each content circuit is as follows:
| Content circuit | Grade 10 | Grade 11 | Grade 12 |
| CAREER ORIENTATION THEME | |||
| - History and Historiography | 8% | ||
| - Role of Historiography | 8% | ||
| WORLD HISTORY | |||
| - Some Ancient and Medieval Global Civilizations | 10% | ||
| - Industrial Revolutions in World History | 10% | ||
| - Bourgeois Revolutions and the Development of Capitalism | 10% | ||
| - Formation and Development of Socialism | 10% | ||
| - The World during and after the Cold War | 8% | ||
| - Economic and Social Development of the U.S. from 1945 to Present | 7% | ||
| - China's Reform and Opening-up from 1978 to Present | 7% | ||
| SOUTHEAST ASIAN HISTORY | |||
| - Southeast Asian Civilizations | 8% | ||
| - Process of National Independence in Southeast Asian Countries | 8% | ||
| - ASEAN: Historical Milestones | 8% | ||
| VIETNAM HISTORY | |||
| - Various Civilizations in Vietnam (before 1858) | 16% | ||
| - Community of Vietnamese Ethnic Groups | 10% | ||
| - National Defense and Liberation Wars in Vietnamese History (before the August Revolution 1945) | 12% | ||
| - Vietnamese Village in History | 10% | ||
| - Some Major Reforms in Vietnamese History (before 1858) | 12% | ||
| - History of Defending Sovereignty, Rights and Legal Interests of Vietnam in the East Sea | 8% | ||
| - August Revolution 1945, National Liberation War and National Defense War in Vietnamese History (from August 1945 to Present) | 12% | ||
| - Renovation Process in Vietnam since 1986 | 10% | ||
| - History of Vietnam's Foreign Relations | 10% | ||
| - Ho Chi Minh in Vietnamese History | 8% | ||
| PERIODIC ASSESSMENT | 10% | 10% | 10% |
| HISTORY PRACTICE | 20% | 20% | 20% |
Additionally, 35 lessons are allocated for academic topics. The estimated number of lessons for academic topics (including tests and assessments) is as follows:
| Content circuit | Grade 10 | Grade 11 | Grade 12 |
| CAREER ORIENTATION THEME | |||
| Project 10.1: Fields of Historiography | 10 | ||
| PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE PROJECT | |||
| Project 10.2: Conservation and Promotion of Cultural Heritage Values in Vietnam | 15 | ||
| Project 11.1: History of Traditional Arts in Vietnam | 15 | ||
| Project 12.1: History of Beliefs and Religions in Vietnam | 15 | ||
| KNOWLEDGE ENHANCEMENT PROJECT | |||
| Project 10.3: State and Law in Vietnamese History | 10 | ||
| Project 11.2: War and Peace in the 20th Century | 10 | ||
| Project 11.3: Historical Figures in Vietnam | 10 | ||
| Project 12.2: Japan: Historical Journey from 1945 to Present | 10 | ||
| Project 12.3: Vietnam's International Integration Process | 10 |
What are the core objectives of the History subject in Vietnam?
Under Section 3 of the general education program for History issued in conjunction with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the core objectives of the History subject are as follows:
- The History curriculum:
- Helps students develop historical competence, representing scientific capabilities formed at the secondary education level.
- Contributes to educating national spirit, patriotism, the good traditional values of the nation, and the essence of human culture, qualities, and capabilities of Vietnamese citizens, global citizens suitable to the developmental trends of the era.
- Helps students access and clearly understand the role and characteristics of historical science as well as the connections between historiography and other scientific fields and professions, creating a basis for students to orientate their future careers.
