What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum? What are examples of the application of the Law of Conservation of Momentum?

What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum? What are examples of the application of the Law of Conservation of Momentum?

Students may refer to the Law of Conservation of Momentum and examples of its application below:

What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum?
Examples of the application of the Law of Conservation of Momentum

The Law of Conservation of Momentum is one of the fundamental laws of physics, describing that in a closed system, the total momentum of the system does not change over time. In other words, the momentum of the objects within the system can change, but the total momentum of the entire system remains unchanged.

Formula:

p_before = p_after

*In which:

p_before: Total momentum of the system before the interaction occurs

p_after: Total momentum of the system after the interaction occurs

*Examples of Application

1. Gun and bullet:

When a bullet is fired, the gun recoils. Before firing, the total momentum of the system (gun and bullet) is zero. After firing, the bullet moves forward with a high velocity, and the gun recoils backward with a smaller velocity to ensure the total momentum of the system remains zero.

2. Collision between two objects:

When two objects collide, the momentum of each object can change, but the total momentum of the system of the two objects remains unchanged. For example, when two balls strike each other, they transfer momentum to each other, changing the velocity of both balls.

3. Rocket:

The working principle of rockets is based on the Law of Conservation of Momentum. When the rocket engine burns fuel, hot gases are expelled backward at high velocity. To conserve momentum, the rocket moves forward.

*Note: The information is for reference purposes only./.

What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum? What are examples of the application of the Law of Conservation of Momentum?​ (Image from the Internet)

When do students in Vietnam study the Law of Conservation of Momentum?

Based on Section 5 of the Appendix to the General Education Program for Physics issued along with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT on the content of the momentum section in Grade 10 Physics:

Momentum

Definition of momentum

- From real-life situations, discuss to understand the physical significance and definition of momentum.

Conservation of momentum

- Conduct experiments and discussions to state the Law of Conservation of Momentum in a closed system.

- Apply the Law of Conservation of Momentum in some simple cases.

Momentum and collision

- Derive the relationship between the net force acting on an object and the rate of change of momentum (the net force acting on the object is the rate of change of its momentum).

- Conduct experiments and discussions on the change of energy in some simple collision cases.

- Discuss to explain some simple phenomena.

- Discuss to design a plan or select a plan, implement the plan, determine and evaluate the speed and momentum of the object before and after the collision using practical instruments.

Thus, the Law of Conservation of Momentum is included in the Grade 10 Physics curriculum.

What are the contents of environmental protection education in the Grade 10 Physics program in Vietnam?

Based on Section 5 of the General Education Program for Physics issued along with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the special topics in the Grade 10 Physics program are as follows:

Special Topic 10.1. Physics in various professions

Brief overview of the development of physics:

- Discuss, propose, select, and execute Learning Tasks to:

+ Provide a brief overview of the origins and initial achievements of experimental physics.

+ Provide a brief overview of the role of Newtonian mechanics in the development of Physics.

+ List some major branches of classical physics research.

+ Describe the crisis in physics at the end of the 19th century, setting the stage for the birth of modern physics.

+ List some major fields of modern physics.

Introduction of research fields in physics:

- Define research subjects; list some simple theoretical models, some experimental methods of major fields of modern physics.

- Discuss, propose, select, and execute Learning Tasks to explore models and scientific theories that have been developed and applied to improve current technologies as well as develop new ones.

Introduction of applications of physics in various professions:

- Describe real-world examples of using physics knowledge in various fields (Military; Nuclear industry; Meteorology; Agriculture, Forestry; Finance; Electronics; Machinery, Automation; Information, Communication; Scientific research).

Special Topic 10.2. Earth and the sky

Determine orientation:

- Identify the positions of star constellations: Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Cassiopeia on a star map (or using practical tools).

- Determine the position of the North Star in the starry sky.

Visible motion characteristics of some celestial bodies in the starry sky:

- Use a solar system model, discuss to describe some basic characteristics of the visible motion of the Sun, Moon, Venus, and Mercury in the starry sky.

- Use Copernican heliocentric model to explain some observable characteristics of the Sun, Moon, Venus, and Mercury in the starry sky.

Some astronomical phenomena:

- Use images (or multimedia documents), discuss to briefly and qualitatively explain phenomena: solar eclipse, lunar eclipse, tides.

>>>Special Topic 10.3. Physics and environmental protection education

The necessity of environmental protection:

- Discuss, propose, select, and execute Learning Tasks to explore:

+ The necessity of environmental protection in the development strategy of different nations.

+ The role of individuals and communities in environmental protection.

Physics and environmental protection education:

- Discuss, propose, select, and execute Learning Tasks to explore:

+ The impact of current energy use on the environment, economy, and climate of Vietnam.

+ An overview of pollutants in fossil fuels, acid rain, nuclear energy, ozone layer depletion, climate change.

- Discuss, propose, select, and execute Learning Tasks to explore:

+ Classification of fossil energy and renewable energy.

+ The role of renewable energy.

+ Some basic technologies to harness renewable energy.