What is a compound word in Vietnamese? Which compound words are taught in the Vietnamese Language education curriculum?

According to the current Vietnamese language education program, what are compound words?

Compound words are a type of word formed by combining two or more syllables (single words) together. The syllables in compound words have a semantic relationship with each other, creating a new word with a more complete meaning.

*Characteristics of compound words:

- At least two syllables: Each syllable in a compound word carries its own meaning.

- The syllables are semantically related: The syllables can complement each other, oppose each other, or describe different aspects of an object or phenomenon.

- Form a new word: Compound words have a meaning different from the aggregate meanings of the syllables that make them up.

Classification of compound words:

Main-subordinate compound words: One syllable is the main word, and the other syllable complements the main word.

*Example: Hoa hong (rose), ban ghe (table and chair), xe dap (bicycle)...

Co-equal compound words: The syllables have equal roles, combining to form a new meaning.

Example: Song gio (storm), an uong (eat and drink), di lai (move)...

*Main-subordinate compound words:

- Indicating people: thay giao (teacher), bac si (doctor), ky su (engineer), hoc sinh (student), ca si (singer), dien vien (actor)...

- Indicating objects: ban ghe (table and chair), sach vo (books and notebooks), but muc (pens and ink), nha cua (house), xe co (vehicle), cay coi (tree)...

- Indicating actions: di lai (move), an uong (eat and drink), hoc tap (study), lam viec (work), vui choi (play), nghi ngoi (rest)...

- Indicating qualities: xinh dep (beautiful), thong minh (intelligent), nhanh nhen (agile), cham chi (diligent), kien tri (persistent)...

- Indicating states: buon ngu (sleepy), doi khat (hungry and thirsty), met moi (tired), vui ve (happy), lo lang (worried)...

*Co-equal compound words:

- Indicating objects: song nui (river and mountain), troi dat (heaven and earth), mua gio (rain and wind), com nuoc (meal), ao quan (clothes)...

- Indicating actions: di dung (walk and stand), ngoi nam (sit and lie), doc viet (read and write), nghe nhin (listen and see), noi cuoi (talk and laugh)...

- Indicating qualities: to nho (big and small), dai ngan (long and short), trang den (black and white), nhanh cham (fast and slow), dong tay (east and west)...

- Indicating states: song chet (life and death), dung sai (right and wrong), thanh bai (success and failure), thang thua (win and lose)...

*Some other examples:

- Sino-Vietnamese compound words: giang son (country), son ha (mountain and river), nhan dan (people), quoc gia (nation), thien nhien (nature)...

- Reduplicative compound words: lung linh (sparkling), long lanh (glittering), do do (reddish), xanh xanh (greenish), lap lanh (twinkling)...

- Classification compound words: hoa hong (rose), cay bang (almond tree), qua tao (apple), con meo (cat), con cho (dog)...

You can create your own compound words by:

- Combining two nouns: nha cua (house), sach vo (books and notebooks)

- Combining a verb and a noun: di hoc (go to school), lam viec (work)

- Combining an adjective and a noun: dep trai (handsome), thong minh (intelligent)

- Combining two adjectives: to lon (big), nho be (small)

*Note:

- Meaning of compound words: The meaning of compound words is often not simply the sum of the meanings of the syllables that make them up but can be narrower, broader, or completely different. For example, "ban ghe" (table and chair) does not just mean a table and a chair but refers to a set of table and chairs used for sitting and working.

- Structure of compound words: There are many different types of compound words in terms of structure, such as co-equal compound words, main-subordinate compound words, reduplicative compound words, Sino-Vietnamese compound words...

*Note: The information is for reference only./.

What is a compound word in Vietnamese? Which compound words are taught in the Vietnamese Language education curriculum?​ (Image from the Internet)

Which compound words are taught in the Vietnamese Language education curriculum?

Based on Section V of the General Education Program for Literature issued together with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the Vietnamese language education program for Grade 6 is as follows:

KNOWLEDGE OF VIETNAMESE

- Single words and compound words, compound words and reduplicative words

- Polysemous words and homonymous words

- The meaning of some common idioms

- The meaning of some common Sino-Vietnamese elements (e.g., bat, phi) and the meaning of words containing these elements (e.g., bat cong [injustice], bat dong [disagreement], phi nghia [unrighteous], phi li [unreasonable])

- Key components of sentences: expanding the main components of sentences using phrases

- Adverbial clauses: characteristics, sentence-linking functions

Thus, according to the above regulations, compound words will be taught in the Vietnamese language education program in Grade 6.

Can grade 6 students with a score of Vietnamese Language subject below 4 advance to the next grade?

Based on Article 12 of Circular 22/2021/TT-BGDDT:

Advancing to the next grade, reassessment during summer break, not advancing to the next grade

1. Students who meet all the following conditions are eligible to advance to the next grade or be recognized as completing the lower secondary education program or the upper secondary education program:

a) The annual conduct performance (including results reassessed after extra training during the summer break as stipulated in Article 13 of this Circular) is evaluated as Satisfactory or higher.

b) The annual academic performance (including results reassessed in subjects as stipulated in Article 14 of this Circular) is evaluated as Satisfactory or higher.

c) Absence from school not exceeding 45 days in an academic year (based on the one-session-per-day education plan specified in the General Education Program, including both excused and unexcused absences, continuous or non-continuous absences).

2. Students who must undergo training during the summer break follow the regulations in Article 13 of this Circular; students who must retake, reassess subjects during the summer break follow the regulations in Article 14 of this Circular.

3. Students who do not meet the requirements specified in Clause 1 of this Article are not eligible to advance to the next grade or be recognized as completing the lower secondary education program or the upper secondary education program.

4. For students with disabilities: The principal shall base on the assessment results of students with disabilities as stipulated in Article 11 of this Circular to consider promoting or recognize completing the lower secondary education program or the upper secondary education program for students with disabilities.

Thus, the evaluation for promotion will be calculated on an annual basis. Therefore, if a grade 6 student scored 4 points in the first semester in Language Arts but scored higher in the second semester, they will be promoted to the next grade.

What are the regulations for rewarding grade 6 students in Vietnam?

Based on Article 15 of Circular 22/2021/TT-BGDDT:

* The principal awards certificates of merit to students

- End-of-year rewards

+ Rewarding the title "Outstanding Student" to students achieving an annual conduct performance rated as Good, an annual academic performance rated as Good, and having at least 06 (six) subjects assessed by a combination of comments and grades with an average score of 9.0 or higher.

+ Rewarding the title "Excellent Student" to students achieving an annual conduct performance rated as Good and an annual academic performance rated as Good.

- Rewarding students with extraordinary achievements in conduct and study during the school year.

* Students with exceptional achievements will be considered for higher-level rewards.