In Vietnam, what are the differences between the old and new colonialism? What is the duration allocated for each content in the 12th-grade History program?

In Vietnam, what are the differences between the old and new colonialism?

Colonialism is a social form and political ideology in which one country (known as the mother country) occupies and controls another territory (known as a colony) through force or other means. The main objective of colonial policies is to exploit the natural resources, labor, and economic benefits of the colony to serve the interests of the mother country.

There are significant differences between old and new colonialism, primarily relating to the methods of control and the objectives of the colonial powers. To be specific:

1. Old Colonialism

- Methods of Control:

+ Direct control: Colonial powers used military force to occupy and directly govern the colonies. They established colonial governments and imposed the laws of the mother country on the occupied territories.

+ The main goal was to exploit the natural resources and labor of the colonies to serve the economic interests of the mother country.

- Characteristics:

+ Cultural imposition: Colonial powers often imposed their culture, language, and religion on the indigenous people.

+ Establishment of Colonial Government: Colonial governments were established with the presence of officials from the mother country, directly managing economic, political, and social activities.

2. New Colonialism

- Methods of Control:

+ Indirect control: Instead of directly occupying and ruling, the new colonial powers used economic, political, and cultural measures to control less developed countries.

+ New colonial powers often establish puppet governments or use economic tools like aid, investment, and trade to maintain influence.

- Characteristics:

+ Cultural influence: Rather than directly imposing culture, new colonial powers use media, education, and culture to spread their influence.

+ Establish puppet governments: New colonial powers often support or establish governments that are friendly to them in less developed countries, thus exercising indirect control through the policies and decisions of these governments.

3. Specific Examples

- Old colonialism: French colonialism in Vietnam from the 19th century to the mid-20th century, with military occupation and the establishment of a colonial government.

- New colonialism: The intervention of Western powers in less developed countries through economic and political measures after World War II.

In Vietnam, what are the differences between the old and new colonialism? What is the duration allocated for each content in the 12th-grade History program? (Image from the Internet)

What is the duration allocated for each content in the 12th-grade History program of Vietnam?

Under the General Education Program for History issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT:

The duration for each academic year is 105 lessons/year, taught over 35 weeks. Of this, the duration allocated for core content topics is 70 lessons. The estimated percentage of the duration allocated for each content segment is as follows:

The duration allocated for academic topics is 35 lessons. The estimated number of lessons for academic topics (including testing and assessment) is as follows:

What is the teaching equipment for History in Vietnam?

According to the General Education Program for History issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the teaching equipment for History in Vietnam includes:

- The use of teaching equipment is one of the key conditions determining the success of innovating history teaching methods towards competency development.

- Educational institutions need to have minimum teaching equipment such as a system of maps (world map, continental maps, Southeast Asia map, and Vietnam map); historical pictures, sand tables, diagrams, and charts with the support of technical means such as computers, projectors, screens, televisions, radios, videos, various types of tapes and discs,...

- History is a subject with a system of knowledge related to the past, which students cannot directly observe. Information technology will support the reenactment of history through documentaries, historical sources, images, videos, etc. Teachers need to exploit and use the basic functions of the Internet and software to incorporate images, sounds, historical materials, etc., into the lesson plans, thereby enhancing teaching effectiveness and inspiring students to love studying history.