Vietnam: What are the guidelines for preparing the outline for an essay on analyzing the short story "Làng"? What learning outcomes are required for the writing process in the 9th-grade Literature curriculum?

Sample outline for an essay on analyzing the short story "Làng"

I. Introduction:

Introducing the author:

Kim Lan is one of the outstanding figures of Vietnam's realistic literature, especially in the short story genre.

His works often carry a strong sense of realism and compassion for human fate.

Introducing the work:

The short story "Làng" was written during the resistance against the French, reflecting the deep ties to the village and homeland of Vietnamese people during difficult times.

The work depicts a situation involving the main character, Mr. Hai, a villager during the resistance, with love for his homeland, country, and profound inner conflicts.

II. Body:

1. Overview of the story's situation:

The story is built around a special situation: Mr. Hai, a resident of Cho Dau village, loves his homeland deeply, inseparable even amidst the country's war.

The main conflict of the story is between Mr. Hai's love for his homeland and his sacrifice for the country when he hears his village Cho Dau is said to be "collaborating with the enemy."

2. Analysis of the character Mr. Hai:

Love for homeland: Mr. Hai is a farmer with a profound love for his homeland. He not only loves Cho Dau village but sees it as an indispensable part of his life.

Upon hearing that his village is said to be "collaborating with the enemy," he is utterly devastated and experiences agonizing thoughts and actions.

Inner conflict: Mr. Hai's deep love for his village is tested when he hears that Cho Dau village is occupied by the enemy. He faces a very difficult choice: loyalty to the revolution or protecting the honor and love for his homeland.

Initially, he doesn't dare to reveal the truth about the news of his village being considered "collaborating," keeping silent to express the torment and pain of someone who loves his homeland but also has a responsibility to the revolution.

Sacrifice for the country: Despite the pain, Mr. Hai decides to sacrifice his affection for Cho Dau village when he hears it labeled as "collaborating" because he understands the country's need for sacrifice and loyalty.

3. Building the story's situation and remarkable details:

Story's situation: The situation vividly portrays the inner struggle of the main character when he hears his village being branded as "collaborating." This situation reflects the conflict between love for one’s homeland and the spirit of fighting for the country during the resistance.

Remarkable details: Kim Lan uses details such as Mr. Hai meeting close friends in the village, him weeping and discussing the homeland to highlight Mr. Hai's suffering and sacrifice. These details enhance the emotional impact and the internal conflict of the character.

4. Significance of the work:

Criticism of the cowardly, weak attitude of those who acted as henchmen for the enemy during the resistance against the French.

Affirming patriotism, love for the village during the resistance. Despite the suffering and conflict, the characters in the story remain resilient, steadfast in their faith in the revolution and the homeland.

Love for the village and sacrifice: The work exalts the qualities of patriotism and sacrifice of simple yet resilient people in the resistance.

III. Conclusion:

General evaluation of the work:

"Làng" by Kim Lan is a work rich in humanity, deeply reflecting the patriotic spirit, loyalty, and sacrifices of rustic people in the resistance.

Lessons from the work:

Through the work, readers can feel the deep love for the homeland, loyalty to the revolution, and the sacrifices of simple yet noble people during the wartime years.