On December 22, 1944, where was the Vietnam Propaganda Liberation Army established?

On December 22, 1944, where was the Vietnam Propaganda Liberation Army established?

According to the list issued with Decision 13/2021/QD-UBND of Thai Nguyen Province:

The Vietnam Propaganda Liberation Army was formed in Dinh Bien Commune, Dinh Hoa District, Thai Nguyen Province.

>> In which campaign did President Ho Chi Minh encourage officers and soldiers in Vietnam with the words "You must fight bravely, endure hardship better, and maintain determination in all circumstances"?

On December 22, 1944, where was the Vietnam Propaganda Liberation Army established?​ (Image from the Internet)

What are the 5 viewpoints for building the subject of History in Vietnam?

Based on section 2 of the General Education Program for History issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT (amended and supplemented by Article 2 of Circular 13/2022/TT-BGDDT), the viewpoints for constructing the History program are regulated as follows:

(1) Scientific, modern

The History curriculum helps students approach history on the basis of applying modern achievements of historical science and educational science. To be specific:

- The curriculum thoroughly comprehends the guidelines and views of the Communist Party and the State of Vietnam;

- The curriculum values fundamental principles of historical science, ensuring respect for historical truth, the multi-faceted and rich nature of history; objectivity and comprehensiveness in presenting and interpreting history;

- The curriculum aims to guide and encourage students to explore and discover history according to the principles of historical science, thereby helping students develop historical thinking and critical thinking;

- The curriculum contributes to building the ability to analyze and evaluate historical characters, events, and processes scientifically, helping students recognize historical rules and lessons and apply them in practice.

(2) Systematic, fundamental

The main development axis of the History curriculum is a system of themes and study topics regarding the fundamental issues of world history, Southeast Asian history, and Vietnamese history, aimed at enhancing and broadening general history knowledge learned in lower secondary school. To be specific:

- The historical themes and topics of the program are systematic and fundamental, originating from the needs to develop competencies and historical education for each grade level;

- The knowledge components of the program ensure logic (in diachronic and synchronic relationships, the interaction between Vietnamese history and regional and world history...);

- The program ensures that students access fundamental historical knowledge in political, economic, social, cultural, and ideological fields; develops lifelong self-study capacity in history and applies historical, cultural, and social knowledge of the world, region, and Vietnam into life.

(3) Practical application

The History curriculum emphasizes practical historical content, connecting history with real-life situations. To be specific:

- The program considers practice as an important content and a practical, effective tool for developing students' competence;

- The program increases the duration of practical activities; diversifies practical types through various forms of educational organization such as group activities, individual self-study; learning in class, museums, field trips; learning through projects, heritage;...;

- The program ensures compatibility with the country's socio-economic reality and conditions and localities. Through the system of topics and study areas, and educational organization forms, the program creates flexibility to adapt to localities and different student groups, ensuring common standards of general education across the nation, compatible with regional and global standards.

(4) National, humanistic

The History curriculum helps students properly perceive the traditional values of the nation, forming and developing the good qualities of Vietnamese people and universal values of global citizens. To be specific:

- The program helps students accurately recognize patriotism and genuine, progressive national spirit of Vietnamese people, the nation's position in the region and the world throughout historical periods, aiming to build genuine national pride, and recognize both strengths and limitations in the historical legacy of the nation;

- The program helps students form and develop humane values, a community spirit, combat social, cultural, racial, and religious stereotypes and prejudices; aims at tolerance, compassion, respect for differences, and equality among nations, communities, genders, and social groups; focuses on peace, reconciliation, harmony, and cooperation;

- The program helps students adopt a correct and positive attitude towards environmental protection issues, aiming at sustainable development and striving for a peaceful world, progressive society, transparency, fairness, and civility.

(5) Open, interconnected

The History curriculum is open and interconnected. To be specific:

- The structure of knowledge and skills in the History subject creates opportunities for students to connect and interlink with knowledge and skills from other subjects such as Geography, Literature, Civic Education, National Defense and Security Education, etc.;

- The program grants autonomy to localities and schools to develop educational plans suitable to local conditions, providing creative space for teachers to implement the policy of “one curriculum, many textbooks”; emphasizes coordination between schools, families, and society in history education;

- The program ensures a high level of integration in lower grades, gradually differentiating in higher grades; establishes a tight connection between different educational levels, grade levels in each educational level, and interconnection with vocational education programs and university education programs.

What are the objectives of the History curriculum in Vietnam?

Based on Section 3 of the General Education Program for History issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT (amended and supplemented by Article 2 of Circular 13/2022/TT-BGDDT), the objectives of the History curriculum are regulated as follows:

- The History curriculum helps students develop historical competence, an expression of scientific capability which is formed at the lower secondary level.

- It contributes to educating national spirit, patriotism, the good traditional values of the nation and the quintessence of human culture, the qualities, and capacities of a Vietnamese citizen, and a global citizen suitable to the era's development trend.

- Helps students access and understand clearly the roles and characteristics of historical science as well as the connection between history and other scientific fields and professions, providing a foundation for students to orientate their future career paths.