Types of schools in the national educational system in Vietnam

Types of schools in the national educational system in Vietnam (Internet image)

Regarding this issue, LawNet would like to answer as follows:

1. Types of schools in the national educational system in Vietnam

Types of schools in the national educational system in Vietnam according to Article 47 of the Law on Education 2019 are as follows:

- Schools in the national educational system are organized in the following types:

+ Public schools whose investment is made, operating conditions are guaranteed and ownership is represented by the State;

+ People-founded schools whose infrastructure is invested and operating conditions are guaranteed by local residential communities such as organisations and individuals in hamlets, villages, wards, districts, towns.

The people-founded type is only applicable to institutions of preschool education;

+ Private schools whose investment is made and operating conditions are guaranteed by domestic investors or foreign investors.

Not-for-profit private schools are schools whose investors guarantee and uphold commitments to operate not for the sake of profit, stated in the establishment decision or decision of converting school types; with non-profit operation, no capital withdrawal, no income earning; annual accumulated earnings belong to the undivided and joint possession so as to continue developing the schools.

- The conversion of school types in the national educational system are conducted as follows:

+ Only convert from private school to not-for-profit private school;

+ Implement provisions prescribed in charters and in organisational and operational regulations of school type at each educational level/training qualification;

+ Ensure rights of teachers, lecturers, education managers, labour workers and learners;

+ Do not cause losses of land, fund or assets.

2. Conditions for school establishment and conditions for educational operation in Vietnam

Conditions for school establishment and conditions for educational operation in Vietnam according to Article 49 of the Law on Education 2019 are as follows:

- A school is established when its establishment scheme is suitable with the planning of socio-economic development and of the educational institution network as prescribed in the Law on Planning.

The school establishment scheme shall specify the objectives, duties, programmes and contents of education; the land, infrastructure, equipment, provisional location for school construction, organisational structure, resources and finance; the strategic direction for building and developing the school. 

- The school may operate in education when it:

+ Has land, infrastructure and equipment meeting the requirements on educational operation; location for school construction shall ensure a safe educational environment for learners, teachers and labour workers;

+ Has educational programmes, teaching and learning materials appropriate to each educational level/training qualification; have teachers and managers that are qualified in quality and quantity and consistent in terms of structure, ensuring the implementation of educational programmes and organisation of educational activities;

+ Is financially sufficient, as prescribed by law, to ensure maintenance and development of educational operation; and

+ Has organisational and operational regulations of the school.

- Within a regulated period of time, if the school guarantees all conditions prescribed in clause 2 of  Article 49 of the Law on Education 2019, it shall be granted permission to operate in education by a competent authority; when the period is over, if the school fails to secure conditions prescribed in clause 2 of  Article 49 of the Law on Education 2019, the establishment decision or establishment permission shall be revoked.

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