TPP - Chapter 23 - Development

CHAPTER 23

DEVELOPMENT

Article 23.1: General Provisions

1.       The Parties reaffirm their commitment to promoting and strengthening an open trade and investment environment to enhance welfare, reduce poverty, elevate living standards, and create new job opportunities, thereby supporting development.

2.         The Parties acknowledge the importance of development in fostering inclusive economic growth, as well as the significant role of trade and investment in contributing to the development and prosperity of the economy. Inclusive economic growth includes wider distribution of the benefits of economic growth through business and industrial expansion, job creation, and poverty alleviation.

3.         The Parties recognize that economic growth and development contribute to achieving the objectives of this Agreement in promoting regional economic integration.

4.         The Parties also recognize that effectively coordinating domestic trade, investment, and development policies can contribute to sustainable economic growth.

5.         The Parties acknowledge the potential for joint development activities among the Parties to reinforce efforts to achieve sustainable development objectives.

6.         The Parties also recognize that the activities carried out under Chapter 21 (Capacity Building and Cooperation) are a vital element of joint development activities.

Article 23.2: Encouraging Development

1.         The Parties acknowledge the importance of each Party's leadership in implementing development policies, including policies designed for their citizens to maximize the benefits from this Agreement.

2.         The Parties recognize that this Agreement has been designed in a way that considers the different economic development levels of the Parties, including through provisions supporting and enabling the implementation of national development objectives.

3.        The Parties further acknowledge that transparency, good governance, and accountability contribute to the effectiveness of development policies.

Article 23.3: Broad-Based Economic Growth

1.         The Parties recognize that broad-based economic growth reduces poverty, facilitates the sustainable provision of basic services, and expands opportunities for people to live healthy and productive lives.

2.       The Parties acknowledge that broad-based economic growth promotes peace, stability, democratic institutions, attractive investment opportunities, and effective resolution of regional and global challenges.

3.         The Parties also recognize that creating and maintaining broad-based economic growth requires sustained high-level commitment from the governments of the Parties to effectively manage public institutions, invest in infrastructure, welfare, public health and education systems, foster enterprise formation, and access economic opportunities.

4.         The Parties may promote broad-based economic growth through policies that leverage the trade and investment opportunities created by this Agreement to contribute to sustainable development, poverty alleviation, and other objectives. These policies may address issues related to promoting market-based approaches aimed at improving business conditions and financial access for vulnerable areas or groups and small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

Article 23.4: Women and Economic Growth

1.         The Parties recognize that enhancing opportunities within their territories for women, including workers and business owners, to participate in the domestic and global economy, contributes to economic development. The Parties further acknowledge the benefits of sharing diverse experiences in designing, implementing, and reinforcing programs that encourage this participation.

2.         The Parties will consider implementing cooperative activities to enhance the capability of women, including workers and business owners, to fully access and benefit from the opportunities offered by this Agreement. These activities may include consultations or training, such as through the exchange of officials and sharing of information and experiences on:

(a) programs aimed at helping women build their skills and capabilities, and enhancing market, technology, and financial access;

(b) developing networks of women leaders; and

(c) identifying best practices concerning workplace flexibility.

Article 23.5: Education, Science and Technology, Research and Innovation

1.         The Parties recognize that promoting and developing education, science and technology, research, and innovation can play a crucial role in fostering growth, enhancing competitiveness, creating jobs, and expanding trade and investment among the Parties.

2.       The Parties further acknowledge that policies related to education, science and technology, research, and innovation can help the Parties maximize the benefits brought by this Agreement. The Parties may encourage designing policies in these areas that consider the trade and investment opportunities arising from this Agreement to further increase those benefits. These policies may include initiatives with the private sector, including those aimed at developing relevant expertise and management skills, and enhancing the capacity of enterprises to turn innovative initiatives into competitive products and new businesses.

Article 23.6: Joint Development Activities

1.       The Parties recognize that joint activities among the Parties to maximize the development benefits derived from this Agreement can reinforce national development strategies, including, as appropriate, through working with bilateral partners, private companies, institutes, and non-governmental organizations.

2.         Where the Parties agree, two or more Parties will endeavor to facilitate joint activities among governments, the private sector, and relevant multilateral institutions to more effectively promote the development objectives of each Party. These joint activities include:

(a) discussions among the Parties to align the Parties' development assistance and financing programs with national development priorities;

(b) considering ways to broaden engagements in science, technology, and research to promote the application of innovative uses of science and technology, encouraging development and capacity building;

(c) promoting public-private partnerships that enable private enterprises, including SMEs, to leverage their expertise and resources to cooperate with government agencies in support of development objectives; and

(d) involving private sector, including philanthropic organizations and non-governmental organizations, in development support activities.

Article 23.7: Committee on Development

1.       The Parties establish a Committee on Development (hereinafter referred to as "the Committee") composed of representatives of the governments of the Parties.

2.         The Committee is responsible for:

(a) facilitating the exchange of information on the Parties' experiences related to the formulation and implementation of national policies aimed at achieving the greatest possible benefits from this Agreement;

(b) facilitating the exchange of information on the Parties' experiences and lessons learned through the joint activities outlined in Article 23.6 (Joint Development Activities);

(c) discussing any proposals for future joint activities to support trade and investment-related development policies;

(d) where appropriate, inviting relevant international organizations, private sector entities, non-governmental organizations, or other relevant organizations to assist in the development and implementation of joint development activities;

(e) performing any other functions as the Parties may decide upon to maximize the development benefits deriving from this Agreement; and

(f)      reviewing matters related to the implementation and operation of this Chapter, with a view to considering ways that this Chapter can enhance the development benefits of this Agreement.

3.         The Committee will meet within one year from the date this Agreement enters into force and hold subsequent meetings as necessary.

4.         In performing its functions, the Committee may work with other committees, working groups, and any other supporting bodies established under this Agreement.

Article 23.8: Relation to Other Chapters

In case of any inconsistency between Chapter 23 (Development) and another Chapter of the Agreement, that other Chapter, instead of Chapter 23 (Development), shall apply.

Article 23.9: Exclusion from Dispute Settlement

No Party may have recourse to dispute settlement under Article 28 (Dispute Settlement) for any matter arising under this Chapter.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TPP - Chapter 00 - Preamble

TPP - Chapter 01 - General Definitions and Rules

TPP - Chapter 02 - National Treatment and Market Access for Goods

TPP - Chapter 03 - Rules of Origin and Origin Procedures

TPP - Chapter 04 - Textiles

TPP - Chapter 05 - Customs Administration and Trade Facilitation

TPP - Chapter 06 - Trade Remedies

TPP - Chapter 07 - Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

TPP - Chapter 08 - Technical Barriers to Trade

TPP - Chapter 09 - Investment

TPP - Chapter 10 - Cross-Border Trade in Services

TPP - Chapter 11 - Financial Services

TPP - Chapter 12 - Temporary Entry for Business Persons

TPP - Chapter 13 - Telecommunications

TPP - Chapter 14 - E-Commerce

TPP - Chapter 15 - Government Procurement

TPP - Chapter 16 - Competition Policy

TPP - Chapter 17 - State-Owned Enterprises and Designated Monopolies

TPP - Chapter 18 - Intellectual Property

TPP - Chapter 19 - Labour

TPP - Chapter 20 - Environment

TPP - Chapter 21 - Cooperation and Capacity Building

TPP - Chapter 22 - Competitiveness and Business Facilitation

TPP - Chapter 23 - Development

TPP - Chapter 24 - Small and Medium Enterprises

TPP - Chapter 25 - Regulatory Coherence

TPP - Chapter 26 - Transparency and Anti-Corruption

TPP - Chapter 27 - Administrative and Institutional Provisions

TPP - Chapter 28 - Dispute Settlement

TPP - Chapter 29 - Exceptions and General Provisions

TPP - Chapter 30 - Final Provisions

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