Classification, storage and transfer of domestic solid waste in Vietnam

Classification, storage and transfer of domestic solid waste in Vietnam (Internet image) 

Regarding this issue, LawNet would like to answer as follows:

1. Classification, storage and transfer of domestic solid waste in Vietnam

Classification, storage and transfer of domestic solid waste according to Article 75 of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020 as follows:

- Domestic solid waste generated by households and individuals is classified as:

+ Reusable and recyclable solid waste;

+ Food waste;

+ Other domestic solid waste.

- Provincial People’s Committees shall classify domestic solid waste specified in Point c Clause 1 of Article 75 of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020 within their provinces under the guidance of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment; introduce policies to encourage the classification of hazardous waste present in domestic solid waste generated by households and individuals.

- Households and individuals in urban areas must contain the domestic solid waste already classified as prescribed in Clause 1 of Article 75 of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020 in packages for transfer as follows:

+ Reusable and recyclable solid waste shall be transferred to entities for reuse and recycling or facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste;

+ Food waste and other domestic solid waste must be contained in packages as prescribed and transferred to facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste; food waste may be used as organic fertilizers and animal feeds.

- Households and individuals in rural areas that generate domestic solid waste and classify them as prescribed in Clause 1 of Article 75 of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020 shall manage them as follows:

+ Households and individuals are encouraged to make the most of waste food to be used as organic fertilizers and animal feeds;

+ Reusable and recyclable solid waste shall be transferred to entities for reuse and recycling or facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste;

+ If not used as prescribed in Point a of Clause 4 of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020, food waste shall be transferred to or facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste;

+ Other domestic solid waste must be contained in packages as prescribed and transferred to facilities licensed for collection and transport of domestic solid waste.

- Households and individuals in rural areas that produce domestic solid waste shall classify, contain and transfer domestic solid waste as prescribed in Clause 3 of Article 75 of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020.

- The classification, collection, transport and treatment of bulky waste shall comply with regulations imposed by provincial People’s Committees.

- The Vietnamese Fatherland Front Committee and socio-political organizations at all levels shall encourage residential communities, households and individuals to classify domestic solid waste at source. Internal residential communities and socio-political organizations shall supervise the classification of domestic solid waste by households and individuals.

2. Regulations on domestic solid waste treatment in Vietnam 

Regulations on domestic solid waste treatmentt according to Article 78 of the Law on Environmental Protection 2020 are as follows:

- The State shall encourage and provide incentives for entities involved in investment in and provision of domestic solid waste treatment services; encourage co-processing of domestic solid waste.

- People’s Committees at all levels shall select domestic solid waste treatment facilities through bidding in accordance with regulations of law on bidding. In case of failure to make a selection through bidding, the method of order placement or task assignment shall be adopted as prescribed by law.

- Domestic solid waste treatment providers must fulfill environmental protection requirements as prescribed by the Law on Environmental Protection 2020. It is not recommended to make investment in domestic solid waste treatment providers that cover only one commune.

- Domestic solid waste must be treated using appropriate technologies and satisfying technical regulations on environment. The Government shall provide for a roadmap for restricting treatment of domestic solid waste using direct landfill disposal technology.

- The Minister of Natural Resources and Environment shall promulgate criteria for domestic solid waste treatment technologies; provide guidelines for domestic solid waste treatment models in urban and rural areas.

- Provincial People’s Committees shall formulate planning and reserve land area for domestic solid waste treatment facilities, promptly transfer land to build and operate domestic solid waste treatment facilities within their provinces; provide funding for construction and operation of systems for collection, storage, transfer, transport and treatment of domestic solid waste treatment; works, measures and public equipment serving domestic solid waste management within their provinces.

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