Vietnam: What are clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 virus?

Vietnam's Decision 1125/QD-BYT clearly states the clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 virus as follows:

1. Incubation period:

From 2 to 14 days, from 5 to 7 days on average.

2. Onset:

Common symptoms include fever, dry cough, fatigue and muscle pain. Some may experience throat pain, stuffy nose, runny nose, headache, productive cough, vomiting and diarrhea.

3. Development:

- Most patients (more than 80%) have only mild fever and fatigue without pneumonia and usually recover after about 1 week. However, some cases do not develop any clinical symptom.

- About 14% of patients develop serious complications such as pneumonia or severe pneumonia and require hospitalization; about 5% of patients need to be admitted to intensive care units for treatment of acute respiratory manifestations (rapid breathing, dyspnea, cyanosis, etc.), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), septic shock, organ dysfunction, including kidney injury and heart muscle injury, leading to death.

- It takes an average of 7 to 8 days after symptom onset for serious complications to develop.

- Death is more common in the elderly and persons with immunodeficiency and chronic diseases.

4. Recovery period:

From 7 to 10 days after the period of illness; if without ARDS, patients will no longer have fever, clinical signs will gradually disappear and they will make a recovery.

Note:

- There is no evidence of different clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnant women.

- In pediatric patients, most of them have milder clinical manifestations compared to adult patients or no symptom.

- Common signs include fever and coughing or manifestations of pneumonia. However, some pediatric patients suffer from multiorgan inflammation, fever; hyperemic eye or erythema, or swelling of the oral mucosa, hands, feet; circulatory failure; manifestations of heart dysfunction and high cardiac enzymes level; digestive disorders; coagulation disorders and high inflammatory marker levels.

Vietnam's Decision 1125/QD-BYT, effective from 08/02/2021.

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