Summary of Specialized Meteorological and Hydrological Observation Factors

According to Circular 30/2018/TT-BTNMT, each type of specialized hydrometeorological station will have different hydrometeorological observation factors, specifically:

1. Observation factors at surface meteorological stations:

- Radiation;- Atmospheric pressure;- Surface wind;- Evaporation;- Air temperature;- Soil temperature;- Air humidity;- Rainfall;- Visibility;- Sunshine duration;- Clouds.

2. Observation factors at agricultural meteorological stations:

- Meteorological factors as specified above;- Soil temperature at various soil depths, water temperature in the fields;- Soil moisture at depths of 5cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm, and 100cm;- Wind at heights from 2m to 10m;- Air temperature within the plant population;- Air humidity within the plant population.

3. Observation factors at upper-air meteorological stations:

- Radio observation station: atmospheric pressure; air temperature; air humidity; wind direction and wind speed;- Wind measurement station: wind direction and wind speed.

4. Observation factors at weather radar stations:

- Radio echo field;- Radial wind field.

5. Observation factors at hydrological stations:

- Water level;- Rainfall;- Water temperature;- Additional factors: water flow direction, wind, waves, riverbed changes;- Water flow rate;- Suspended sediment load.

6. Observation factors at oceanographic stations:

- Marine surface wind;- Sea visibility;- Sea level;- Sea waves;- Sea surface state;- Sea water temperature;- Sea water salinity;- Sea waves;- Marine currents.

7. Other specialized hydrometeorological observation factors based on needs and usage purposes.

More details can be found in Circular 30/2018/TT-BTNMT effective from February 11, 2019.

- Thanh Lam -

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