Duties and powers of the Government of Vietnam according to the Law on Organization of the Government of Vietnam 2025

Duties and powers of the Government of Vietnam according to the Law on Organization of the Government of Vietnam 2025 (Image from the Internet)

The National Assembly approved the Law on Organization of the Government of Vietnam 2025 on February 18, 2025.

Duties and powers of the Government of Vietnam according to the Law on Organization of the Government of Vietnam 2025

According to Article 10 of the Law on Organization of the Government of Vietnam 2025, the Government of Vietnam executes its duties and powers as prescribed by the Constitution, laws, resolutions of the National Assembly, ordinances, resolutions of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, and the following specific duties and powers:

- Submitting to the National Assembly for decision:

+ Passing laws;

+ Passing a draft law or resolution on: objectives, indicators, policies, and basic tasks for the socio-economic development of the country; fundamental policies on national finance and monetary matters; state policies on nationality and religion; fundamental foreign policies of the State; allocation of revenue and expenditure responsibilities between central and local budgets; national debt, public debt, and Government of Vietnam debt limits; state budget estimates and central budget allocations; approval of final budget settlements; referenda;

+ Passing a resolution on the establishment, abolition of Ministries, equivalents to Ministries; establishment, dissolution, merger, division, adjustment of provincial administrative units, special administrative-economic units;

- Submitting to the Standing Committee of the National Assembly for decision:

+ Passing ordinances or draft resolutions;

+ Passing a resolution on the establishment, dissolution, merger, division, adjustment of sub-provincial administrative units;

- Submitting to the President for decision on approval, accession, or termination of international treaties under the President's authority; decisions on amnesty as prescribed by law;

- Organizing the implementation of the Constitution, laws, resolutions of the National Assembly, ordinances, resolutions of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, orders, decisions of the President:

+ Promptly and comprehensively issuing legal documents to implement the Constitution, laws, resolutions of the National Assembly, ordinances, resolutions of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, orders, decisions of the President and to carry out assigned duties and powers; ensuring constitutionality, legality, and unity in the legislative documents of the Government of Vietnam, the Prime Minister, Ministers, Ministry-equivalent agencies, and local governments; inspecting the implementation of such documents and handling those contrary to the Constitution and laws;

+ Deciding measures to implement the Constitution, laws, resolutions of the National Assembly, ordinances, resolutions of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, orders, decisions of the President; directing and inspecting the implementation of the Government of Vietnam's resolutions, decrees, work programs;

+ Leading and directing the work on propagation, dissemination, education of the Constitution and laws; ensuring material, human resources, and other conditions for the implementation of the Constitution and laws; unifying management of judicial administration, legal aid, state compensation, judgment execution, implementation of administrative violation law;

+ Compiling and reviewing the implementation of the Constitution, laws, and reporting to the National Assembly, Standing Committee of the National Assembly, President as prescribed by law;

- Unifying the management of the national administrative system, ensuring unity, smoothness, continuity, democracy, rule of law, professionalism, modernity, science, transparency, public service, discipline, administrative order, effectiveness, and efficiency, serving the people:

+ Unifying state management of the organizational apparatus of state administration; managing officials and public employees and public duties in state agencies; unifying management of state administrative reform, public duties and official reform policies;

+ Unifying state management and implementing salary policies for officials and public employees from central to local levels;

+ Unifying management and effective use of national resources. Unifying management of state budget use, public assets, and implementing financial policies as prescribed by law; implementing policies on thrift, combatting wastefulness;

+ Unifying management of infrastructure, scientific application, technology, innovation, and digital transformation, artificial intelligence into national administrative operations;

+ Unifying the organization of inspection, grievance and denunciation resolution, anti-bureaucracy, anti-corruption, negativity, and waste in state administration operations and socio-economic activities;

+ Leading the work of Ministries, Ministry-equivalent agencies, agencies under the Government of Vietnam, people's committees at all levels; guiding and inspecting people's councils at all levels in implementing the Constitution, laws, resolutions of the National Assembly, ordinances, resolutions of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly, orders, decisions of the President, resolutions, decrees of the Government of Vietnam, decisions, directives of the Prime Minister of the Government of Vietnam; inspecting the constitutionality and legality of people's council resolutions; facilitating people's councils to perform their duties and powers as prescribed by law; addressing recommendations of people's councils, people's committees, and voters;

+ Unifying state management over the organization and activities of associations, non-governmental organizations;

+ Unifying state management over emulation and commendation work;

+ Guiding, inspecting the organizational apparatus of the state administrative apparatus; officials and public employees, and public duties; state administrative reform; emulation, commendation; finance, public assets in agencies exercising legislative powers, agencies exercising judicial powers, agencies exercising prosecutorial powers, judicial supervision, State Audit;

- Unifying management over economy, culture, society, education, health, science, technology, environment, information, communication, foreign affairs, and international integration, national defense, national security, order, social safety; deciding specific measures to protect the rights, interests of the State and society, human rights, citizens' rights; protecting the independence, sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity of the Fatherland, contributing to peace in the region and the world, ensuring social order and safety;

- Deciding on development policies for sectors, fields, regions, and localities, except for policies under the decision-making authority of the National Assembly and local governments, ensuring compliance with the policies of the Communist Party, strategies, and socio-economic development plans of the country in each period and the basic objectives, indicators, policies, tasks for socio-economic development approved by the National Assembly;

- The Government of Vietnam prescribes policies according to its functions, duties, and powers, responsible for its decisions as prescribed, and carries out the following specific duties and powers:

+ Organizing the implementation of general mobilization orders or local mobilization, declaration of a state of emergency, and other necessary measures to protect the Fatherland, protect the lives and property of the people;

+ Submitting to the National Defense and Security Council decisions on the armed forces' participation in activities contributing to peace in the region and the world;

+ Negotiating, signing international treaties on behalf of the State under the President's authorization; deciding on signing, acceding to, approving, or terminating the validity of international treaties on behalf of the Government of Vietnam, except for international treaties for National Assembly approval as stipulated by the Constitution;

+ Organizing and directing the activities of state representation agencies abroad and at international organizations; protecting the legitimate interests of Vietnamese organizations and citizens abroad, overseas Vietnamese; managing the activities of foreign organizations and individuals in Vietnam in accordance with Vietnamese law and international treaties to which the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is a member;

+ Deciding on the establishment, reorganization, dissolution of agencies under the Government of Vietnam; specifying functions, duties, powers, organizational structure of Ministries, Ministry-equivalent agencies, agencies under the Government of Vietnam; criteria for establishment, maximum number of deputy heads of the head of departments, units under Ministries, Ministry-equivalent agencies, agencies under the Government of Vietnam;

+ Specifying the framework number, organization of specialized agencies under people's committees; criteria for establishment, maximum number of deputy heads of the head of specialized agencies and departments, units under specialized agencies under people's committees;

+ Performing the function of state ownership representation over public assets of all people's ownership, exercising the ownership function of state capital in state-invested enterprises as prescribed by law;

+ Subject to the consent of the competent authority, the Government of Vietnam reports to the Standing Committee of the National Assembly for permission to implement solutions contrary to the provisions of law, ordinances, resolutions of the National Assembly, Standing Committee of the National Assembly in cases of mobilizing resources for the implementation of national target programs, important national projects, then reporting to the National Assembly at the nearest session;

+ Reporting to the National Assembly, Standing Committee of the National Assembly the opinions of the Government of Vietnam on draft laws, ordinances proposed by agencies, organizations, National Assembly deputies.

The Law on Organization of the Government of Vietnam 2025 takes effect from March 1, 2025.

The Law on Organization of the Government of Vietnam 2015 (amended and supplemented by Law No. 47/2019/QH14 and Law No. 20/2023/QH15) ceases to be effective from the date the Law on Organization of the Government of Vietnam 2025 comes into effect.

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