What are principles for the promotion of judges of the People's Court in Vietnam in 2025? What sre the standards for becoming a judge of People's Court in Vietnam in 2025?

What are principles for the promotion of judges of the People's Court in Vietnam in 2025?

According to the provisions in Article 7 of Resolution 67/2025/UBTVQH15 regarding the principles for promoting judges of the People's Court:

- The promotion of judges of the People's Court is conducted through consideration of promotion; ensuring the conditions of each level of judges of the People's Court; based on job positions, quantity, and structure ratio of the various levels of judges at each level of the court and other provisions in this Resolution;

- Ensure publicity, transparency, objectivity, and compliance with the law;

- Promotion consideration to the next higher level of judges should be conducted only for the immediate next level from the current level held;

- Promotion consideration is not conducted for judges who are under disciplinary action, indictment, investigation, prosecution, trial, or are implementing relevant disciplinary regulations according to Communist Party rules and state laws.

Authority to decide on promotion and ranking of judges of the People's Court is as follows:

- Based on the quantity of each level of judges assigned; conditions of each level, judge promotion, and other regulations of this Resolution, the head of the agency, and unit with authority per management classification proposes judge promotion, and ranking;

- The Chief Justice of the Supreme People's Court decides on the promotion, and ranking of judges of the People's Court.

What sre the standards for becoming a judge of People's Court in Vietnam in 2025?

According to Article 94 of the Law on Organization of People's Courts 2024, the standards to become a People's Court judge are as follows:

- Must be a Vietnamese citizen, loyal to the Fatherland and the Constitution, with good ethics, solid political bravery, courage, and determination to protect justice, integrity, and honesty.

- Must be at least 28 years old.

- Must have at least a Bachelor's degree in law.

- Must have received judicial training.

- Must have experience in legal work.

- Must have the health to fulfill assigned tasks.

Thus, the Law on Organization of People's Courts 2024 has added an age standard for judges of the People's Court. Therefore, from 2025, one must be at least 28 years old to meet the standards to become a judge, except for certain special cases.

What are regulations on the number, structure, and ratio of the levels of judges of the People's Court in Vietnam?

Article 8 of Resolution 67/2025/UBTVQH15 regarding the number and structure ratio of judge levels in the People's Court is as follows:

- The total number of judges in the People's Court across all levels is 7,004. The number and structure ratio of judges at the People's Court are as follows:

+ The Supreme People's Court has judges at Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3.

The number of judges at the Supreme People's Court is 50, wherein the ratio of Level 3 judges is not more than 40%, Level 2 judges not more than 30%, and the remaining are Level 1 judges;

+ The High People's Court has Level 3 judges, totaling 170;

+ The Provincial People's Court and specialized courts have Level 2 and Level 3 judges.

The Provincial People's Court has 1,235 judges, with the ratio of Level 3 judges not exceeding 30%, and the remaining are Level 2 judges;

+ The District People's Court has Level 1 and Level 2 judges.

The District People's Court has 5,549 judges, with the ratio of Level 2 judges not exceeding 30%, and the remaining being Level 1 judges.

- The total number of judges in military courts is 129. The number and structure ratio of judges in military courts are as follows:

+ The Central Military Court has Level 3 judges, totaling 15;

+ Military Zone and equivalent courts have Level 2 and Level 3 judges.

The Military Zone and equivalent courts have 54 judges, with the ratio of Level 3 judges not exceeding 30%, and the remaining are Level 2 judges;

+ The Regional Military Court has Level 1 and Level 2 judges.

The Regional Military Court has 60 judges, with the ratio of Level 2 judges not exceeding 30%, and the remaining being Level 1 judges.

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