Vietnam: Which work is considered the first programmatic document of Marxism?

Which work is considered the first programmatic document of Marxism?

The work considered the first programmatic document of Marxism is the Communist Manifesto.

A brief overview of the first programmatic document of Marxism - The Communist Manifesto is as follows:

* Circumstances of creation:

The Communist Manifesto was written by Marx and Engels in the context of Europe in the mid-19th century when society was witnessing profound changes from feudal policies to capitalism, and the working class was beginning to emerge as an independent political force. The work was first published on February 21, 1848, and currently, the Communist Manifesto has been included by UNESCO in the list of World Documentary Heritage.

* Content of the Communist Manifesto:

The Communist Manifesto is the manifesto of the Communist League - the first international Marxist organization in the world, outlining the goals and program of action of this organization. This manifesto calls for action for a proletarian revolution to overthrow the bourgeois social order and ultimately build a successful communist society where workers achieve freedom, equality, and are free from oppression and exploitation.

The Communist Manifesto is presented in four chapters, and in several editions, the authors have added prefaces to explain and supplement the work. The four chapters are specifically as follows:

- Chapter I: Bourgeois and Proletarians

- Chapter II: Proletarians and Communists

- Chapter III: Socialist and Communist Literature

- Chapter IV: Position of the Communists concerning the Various Existing Opposition Parties

Note: Information is for reference only

Which work is considered the first programmatic document of Marxism? (Image from the Internet)

What are the two groups of entities required to study Marxist-Leninist Philosophy in Vietnam?

Under point a, section 2, Article 1 of Decision 494/2002/QD-TTg in 2002 on the content of the program, curriculum, and teaching and learning methods for Marxist-Leninist science:

Approval of the Scheme on several solutions to improve the quality and effectiveness of teaching and learning Marxist-Leninist science, Ho Chi Minh Thought in universities, colleges, and the Political subject in vocational and professional secondary schools, with the following main contents:

...

2. Content of the program, curriculum, and methods for teaching and learning Marxism–Leninism science, Ho Chi Minh Thought, and the Political subjects.

a) Marxist-Leninist Philosophy, Marxist-Leninist Political Economy, Scientific Socialism, History of the Communist Party of Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh Thought (for universities, colleges); the Political subject (for vocational and professional secondary schools) are mandatory subjects:

- For Vietnamese and foreigners studying at universities and colleges established by Vietnam or association schools with foreign countries in Vietnam;

- For Vietnamese studying at universities, colleges, vocational and professional secondary schools with 100% foreign investment.

Exclusively, for foreigners studying at universities, colleges, vocational and professional secondary schools with 100% foreign investment, studying these subjects is not mandatory but encouraged.

...

Thus, the two groups of entities required to study Marxist-Leninist Philosophy are:

- Vietnamese and foreigners studying at universities and colleges established by Vietnam or association schools with foreign countries in Vietnam;

- Vietnamese studying at universities and colleges with 100% foreign investment.

What are the policies for lecturers teaching Marxist-Leninist Philosophy in Vietnam?

According to point a, section 4, Article 1 of Decision 494/2002/QD-TTg in 2002, the policies for lecturers teaching Marxist-Leninist Philosophy in Vietnam are as follows:

- Have at least a bachelor's degree in a relevant major; responsible for participating in scientific research, regularly innovating teaching methods, and participating in the political-social activities of the school. These tasks are calculated and converted into standard hours.

- Be provided opportunities to conduct practical research domestically and abroad, attend advanced training courses, and receive books, newspapers, materials, and related documents.

- Besides the policies and benefits that university and college lecturers, professional and vocational secondary school teachers are currently receiving, lecturers of Marxist-Leninist science subjects, Ho Chi Minh Thought, and political teachers also receive additional teaching allowance policies calculated based on salary scale and rank plus position allowance (if any) and paid according to actual teaching hours (not exceeding the prescribed standard hours of the entitled position), at the following rates:

+ 25% applied to teaching hours of lecturers teaching for college, university, and postgraduate training classes;

+ 15% applied to teaching hours of political teachers teaching for professional secondary and vocational training classes.

Tenured lecturers of Marxist-Leninist Philosophy and Ho Chi Minh Thought and tenured political teachers at non-public schools are also entitled to the above allowances covered by the school's funds.