What is the formula of Alanine? What are the characteristics of the new Chemistry curriculum in Vietnam?
What is the formula of Alanine?
Students can find out and refer to the formula for Alanine below:
What is the formula for Alanine?
The chemical formula of alanine is C₃H₇NO₂.
Alanine is a nonpolar amino acid that plays an important role in the formation of proteins and peptides in the body.
*Structure of Alanine:
The structural formula of alanine is CH₃CH(NH₂)COOH. It includes:
An amino group (-NH₂).
A carboxyl group (-COOH).
A hydrocarbon radical (CH₃). || --- |
*Note: Information is for reference only.
What is the formula of Alanine? What are the characteristics of the new Chemistry curriculum in Vietnam? (Image from the Internet)
What are the characteristics of the new Chemistry curriculum in Vietnam?
Based on Section 1 of the General Education Program for Chemistry issued together with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT:
- Chemistry is a science in the field of natural sciences, studying the composition, structure, properties, and transformations of elements and compounds.
- Chemistry closely integrates theory and experiment, acting as a bridge between other natural sciences such as physics, biology, medicine, and geology. Advances in chemistry are connected with the development of new discoveries in the fields of biology, medicine, and physics. Chemistry plays an important role in life and production, contributing to socio-economic development.
- Achievements in chemistry are applied in fields like materials, energy, medicine, biotechnology, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, among others.
- In the general education curriculum, Chemistry is a subject in the group of natural sciences at the high school level, selected by students based on career orientation, interests, and capabilities. The Chemistry subject helps students gain core knowledge about chemistry and apply this knowledge to life, while also relating to many other educational fields.
- Along with Mathematics, Physics, Biology, Informatics, and Technology, Chemistry contributes to promoting STEM education, which is a highly regarded educational trend in many countries worldwide.
- The curriculum content is designed into topics that ensure the consolidation of the content areas, development of knowledge and practical skills formed from lower grades, while also helping students gain a deeper understanding of the foundational knowledge of chemistry, serving as a basis for study, work, and research.
- In each academic year, students with career orientations needing extensive chemistry knowledge select three suitable study specialties according to their aspirations and the school's organizational conditions.
- These specialties aim at deep differentiation requirements, helping students enhance knowledge and practical skills, apply learned knowledge and skills to solve practical problems, and meet career orientation requirements.
What are regulations on tuition fees and costs for learners at educational institutions in Vietnam?
Based on Article 99 of the Education Law 2019, regulations on tuition fees and costs for educational, training services in Vietnam are as follows:
- Tuition fees are the amount learners have to pay to cover part or all the costs of educational and training services. The level of tuition fees is determined according to a schedule ensuring educational service costs regulated by the Government of Vietnam; for vocational education institutions and higher education institutions, it is implemented according to the provisions of the Vocational Education Law 2014 and the Higher Education Law 2012.
- The cost of educational and training services includes total salary costs, direct costs, management costs, and depreciation costs of fixed assets serving both direct and indirect educational activities according to the educational program.
The fee for admission services that applicants must pay when participating in selection or examination is determined according to a schedule of accurate and full calculation.
- Primary school students in public educational institutions do not have to pay tuition fees; in areas lacking public schools, primary school students in non-public educational institutions are supported by the State with tuition fees, the level of support is determined by the Provincial People's Council.
- Five-year-old preschool children in specially difficult hamlets, communes, areas of ethnic minorities, remote areas, coastal and island areas are exempted from tuition fees.
- Five-year-old preschool children not falling under the provisions of clause 4, Article 99 of the Education Law 2019 and lower secondary school students are exempted from tuition fees according to a schedule regulated by the Government of Vietnam.
- The mechanism for collecting and managing tuition fees and educational service fees is prescribed as follows:
+ The Government of Vietnam regulates the mechanism for collecting and managing tuition fees for preschools, general education institutions, vocational education institutions, and public higher education institutions;
+ The Provincial People's Council decides the tuition fee framework or specific tuition fee levels, service fees serving, supporting educational activities of public education institutions under state management authority on education based on the proposal of the Provincial People's Committee;
+ The Provincial People's Committee regulates the mechanism for collecting and using admission service fees of each educational level managed by the locality after being approved by the Provincial People's Council;
+ Non-public educational institutions are allowed to actively establish tuition fees and other service fees ensuring cost recovery and reasonable accumulation.
Carry out public disclosure of educational and training service costs and fee levels according to commitments in the school establishment project, disclosed for each course, educational level, academic year in accordance with legal regulations.
