What is the effect of the first-person narrative? In Vietnam, what is the education level at which the Literature curriculum includes the first-person narrative?
In Vietnam, what is the effect of the first-person narrative?
The first-person narrative is an effective tool for authors to create vivid and compelling stories. The choice to use the first-person perspective depends on the author's purposes and the literary genre.
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What is the effect of the first-person narrative? First-Person Narrative: Telling the story from the "I" perspective Narrator as a character: The narrator is often a character in the story, directly involved in events and expressing their own emotions and thoughts. Limited viewpoint: Since the story only retells what the narrator sees, hears, and experiences, information is often limited by the narrator's perspective. Create a sense of authenticity: The first-person perspective allows readers to easily empathize with the character, vividly picturing their psychology, thoughts, and actions. Increase subjectivity: The story is told from the narrator's personal viewpoint, which may include biases or inaccuracies. Increase authenticity: It helps readers feel as if they are directly participating in the story, deeply empathizing with the characters. Create an intimate atmosphere: Fosters a close and intimate bond between the narrator and the reader. Clearly depicts character psychology: Assists readers in better understanding the character's inner self, thoughts, and emotions. Create unexpected effects: Can lead to unexpected situations, intriguing readers. Enhances artistic value: The first-person narrative allows the author to showcase their talent in using language, and creating vivid images and sounds. "I stood on the beach, looking out into the distance. The sand under my feet was warm, the salty breeze blending with the wind. I felt at peace. The waves gently lapping the shore sounded like a melodious tune. I closed my eyes, savoring the moment." In the paragraph above, the narrator uses the first-person narrative to share their feelings while standing before the sea. This enables readers to vividly imagine the scene and the character's emotions. |
*Note: The information about the effect of the first-person narrative is for reference only./.
What is the effect of the first-person narrative? In Vietnam, what is the education level at which the Literature curriculum includes the first-person narrative? (Image from the Internet)
In Vietnam, what is the education level at which the Literature curriculum includes the first-person narrative?
Under Section 5 of the General Education Program for Literature issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the Duration is regulated as follows:
1.2. Knowledge
a) Vietnamese Language
- Vietnamese language knowledge strands
+ Phonetics and writing: sounds, letters, tones, spelling rules (taught only in primary school).
+ Vocabulary: expanding vocabulary, meanings of words and usage, word formation, semantic relations among words.
+ Grammar: punctuation, word classes, phrase structures and sentence structures, sentence types, and usage.
+ Communication activities: rhetorical devices, paragraphs, texts, and text types, some issues of language style and pragmatics.
+ The development of language and language variations: borrowed words, new words and new meanings, Vietnamese script, language variations according to regional, social, functional scopes, including multimodal texts (language combined with images, symbols, data, charts, diagrams,...) as a variety of language communication.
- Distribution of Vietnamese language knowledge strands in each educational level
+ Primary level: basic understanding of phonetics, writing, vocabulary, grammar, communication activities, and language variations (language combined with images, data); the ability to recognize, initially understand related linguistic phenomena and apply them in communication.
+ Secondary level: fundamental understanding of vocabulary, grammar, communication activities, language development, and language variations (regional, social language; language combined with images, data, charts, diagrams) helps students understand related linguistic phenomena and apply them in communication.
+ High school level: Advanced understanding of the Vietnamese language that helps students understand, analyze, and initially evaluate related linguistic phenomena, focusing on creative expressions and the use of language in research reports and communication.
b) Literature
- Literature knowledge strands
+ Literary theory: some practical issues of literary theory related to understanding literary texts.
+ Literary genres: stories, poems, dramas, memoirs and some typical genres.
+ Elements of literary texts: plot, storyline, characters, space, time, narrator, perspective, rhyme, rhythm,...
+ Literary history: some major authors and general insights on the history of Vietnamese literature summarized at the end of secondary and high school.
- Distribution of literature knowledge strands in each educational level
+ Primary level: basic understanding of stories and poetry, fictional and non-fictional texts; characters in literary texts, plot, time, space, words, rhyme, rhythm, images, character dialogue.
+ Lower secondary level: understanding genres (folk tales, short stories, lyrical and narrative poems; narrative memoirs; novels and Nom poetry, formal and free verse, tragedy and comedy); lyrical subject and lyrical character; expressive and cognitive value of literary works; some formal elements and artistic methods of each literary genre (narrator, first-person narrator, third-person narrator, characters, perspective, shift in narrator and perspective, conflict, space and time, narrator's and characters' dialogues, lyrical emotional strand, words, images, rhyme, rhythm, poetic rules, structure); summary of literary history at the end of grade 9.
+ Upper secondary level: understanding less common genres, sub-genres requiring higher reading skills (mythology, epic, operetta or traditional play, modern stories and poetry; modern, postmodern novels); some literary history, applied literary theory useful for reading and writing literary texts (story, omniscient narrator, limited point of view narrator, narrator and shifts, coordinating perspectives, telling style, poetic theme, characteristics of literary imagery; writing style; literary history and key authors); some specialized workshops focused on knowledge of lessons, movements, and writing styles.
Thus, the first-person narrative is included in the Literature curriculum at the lower secondary level.
How many lessons does the 6th-grade Literature curriculum in Vietnam have?
Under the General Education Program for Literature issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT:
- Duration of the curriculum in each grade (by number of lessons)
| Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 | Grade 5 | Grade 6 | Grade 7 | Grade 8 | Grade 9 | Grade 10 | Grade 11 | Grade 12 |
| 420 | 350 | 245 | 245 | 245 | 140 | 140 | 140 | 140 | 105 | 105 | 105 |
At the upper secondary level, each grade has an additional 35 lessons for optional learning modules.
- Time allocated for educational content
Time allocated for educational content is arranged flexibly by textbook authors and teachers based on specific goals for each grade and actual teaching conditions. However, a reasonable balance must be maintained between the following components:
+ Between knowledge acquisition and skill training (with an emphasis on practical skills and application).
+ Among different types and categories of reading, writing, speaking, and listening texts (more time should be spent on reading literary texts).
+ Among reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills (more time should be devoted to developing reading skills); specific time allocation for skills in each grade is as follows:
| Grade Group | Reading | Writing | Speaking and Listening | Periodic assessment |
| Grades 1 to 3 | approximately 60% | approximately 25% | approximately 10% | approximately 5% |
| Grades 4 to 5 | approximately 63% | approximately 22% | approximately 10% | approximately 5% |
| Grades 6 to 9 | approximately 63% | approximately 22% | approximately 10% | approximately 5% |
| Grades 10 to 12 | approximately 60% | approximately 25% | approximately 10% | approximately 5% |
Thus, according to the regulations, the 6th-grade Literature curriculum has 140 lessons, of which about 63% of the content is reading, about 22% is writing, speaking, and listening accounting for about 10% of the time, and the remaining 5% is used for periodic assessment.
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