What are guidelines on preparing the lesson "Hai đứa trẻ" for grade 12 students in Vietnam? How many study topics are there in grade 12 Literature curriculum in Vietnam?

Guide to Preparing the Lesson "Hai đứa trẻ"

I. Author, Work

1. Author

- Thach Lam was born in 1910 and died in 1942, born Nguyen Tuong Vinh, later changed to Nguyen Tuong Lan.

- Thach Lam was born in Hanoi but spent many of his childhood years in his maternal hometown, Cam Giang district, Hai Duong province.

2. Work

- Structured in 3 parts:

+ Part 1: From the beginning to “nhỏ dần về phía làng”: The scene of the town at dusk.

+ Part 2: Following until“có những cảm giac mơ hồ không hiểu”: The town's life at night.

+ Part 3: Remaining part: The scene of the train passing through the town.

- Value of content: Gently yet deeply expresses sorrow for the monotonous, dark lives of people in the poor town before the Revolution. At the same time, it also shows respect for their vague aspirations for a better life.

- Artistic value

+ Simple plot, almost no storyline.

+ Authentic, subtle portrayal of inner emotions.

+ A blend of realism and romance, with narrative elements intertwined with lyrical style, creating an unmistakable uniqueness for the work.

II. Guide to Preparing the Lesson "Hai đứa trẻ"

Question 1: Summarize the story's content and point out the characteristics of the plot structure in "Hai đứa trẻ".

- "Hai đứa trẻ" tells about an evening and night in a poor town through the perspective of two siblings, Lien and An. The story begins when the sun sets, and the town falls into darkness. Lien and An sit at their family's small stall, observing the life around them. They see street vendors, poor children, and the district's inhabitants living in poverty and monotony.

As night falls, the town becomes even quieter. The two siblings wait for the night train to pass by, bringing light and sound, a faint glimmer of hope in their dull lives. The train comes and goes, carrying with it the dreams and aspirations of Lien and An for a better life.

- Characteristics of the plot structure

+ Simple plot focusing on mood and emotion: Thach Lam does not build a complex plot with many dramatic events. Instead, he focuses on describing the characters' moods and feelings, creating a quiet yet emotional picture.

- Detailed and subtle descriptions: The author uses detailed, subtle language to portray scenes and people. Small details like oil lamps, insect noises, or the image of the night train are vividly described, contributing to the town's monotonous yet poetic atmosphere.

- Realism and humanitarianism: Thach Lam truly reflects the poor life of the town's people, while expressing deep empathy for the poor. He evokes hope for a brighter future, even if it's just faint glimmers of hope.

Question 2: How is the town scene described in sequence, and what are its characteristics? Clarify the significance of describing that picture in the text.

The town scene is described in a time sequence from the scene of falling afternoon to evening and late night. In which:

- Falling afternoon scene: focuses on the desolate afternoon market scene in the poor town.

- Evening scene: describes the trading and chatting activities of the town's inhabitants.

- Late night scene: recreates the scene of the train passing by and the town's silent space.

The town scene is viewed through Lien's mood. This creates the lyrical quality for the story. Lien's mood is tied to the town's space.

Question 3: Identify the narrative perspective and point of view in the text and state the effect of the narrative perspective.

- Uses third-person narrative.

- Main narrative point of view focuses on the character Lien. Through this perspective, readers can deeply feel Lien's thoughts, emotions, and moods when observing the life around.

- Effects:

+ Creates objectivity: Allows readers to have a comprehensive view of the events and characters.

+ Detailed and subtle descriptions: Helps create a lively and realistic picture of life in the town.

+ Evokes empathy: Lien's emotions and thoughts are described subtly, helping readers better understand her life and mood.

Question 4: State and analyze the significance:

a. Some sentences and paragraphs use a combination of narrative, description, and expressive elements.

b. Some images and details appear frequently in the text.

a. Thach Lam uses light to describe darkness, as in the sentence: “An Liên lặng lẽ ngước mắt nhìn các vì sao”. However, the light from stars and fireflies only highlights the deep night.

b. The image of the train appears many times in the work, symbolizing the rare joy of Lien and An. The train brings beautiful memories of Hanoi and symbolizes a more vibrant, brighter life.

Question 5: In your opinion, what literary style is Thach Lam's "Hai đứa trẻ" written in? Based on what?

- Style: Realism and romanticism

- Manifested in that the work "Hai đứa trẻ" does not have a complex plot, beginning with the vague emotions and feelings of the characters, creating a gentle, captivating way of depicting their emotions and thoughts.

Question 6: Do you feel that the story "Hai đứa trẻ" has humanitarian and aesthetic value? Why?

The story "Hai đứa trẻ" has profound humanitarian value because it describes that no matter the circumstances, poverty, darkness, or confinement we live in, we should strive for something better to change our own lives.