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Analysis of a Distinctive Element in "Bảo kính cảnh giới"

1. Rustic and everyday content

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Nguyen Trai innovatively incorporated rustic, everyday images of Vietnamese rural life into his poetry. This is evident in the line: "Lao xao chợ cá làng ngư phủ". The rural landscape is not only depicted through images but also through the vibrant sound "lao xao" (bustling) of the fish market. This lively sound is characteristic of Vietnamese rural life. Unlike traditional Tang poetry, which often extols the grandeur of palaces or majestic nature, Nguyen Trai chose to bring into his poetry the authentic, relatable aspects of simple labor life. From this, he not only refreshed the poetic form but also showed care for the real life of the people, a profound humanistic trait.

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The rural imagery in Nguyen Trai's poetry is not only simple but deeply Vietnamese. In the line: "Dắng dỏi cầm ve lầu tịch dương", the "dang doi" (loud) sound of cicadas makes the evening landscape more vivid and realistic. This is not an embellished beauty but a simple, familiar beauty tied to the daily life of the people. Nguyen Trai broke the conventional depiction of nature by elevating the Vietnamese rural scene as the main source of inspiration. This highlights the closeness, simplicity yet rich aesthetic value, reflecting his love for his homeland and people.

2. Integration of nature and human life

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In the poem, nature and humans are skillfully integrated by Nguyen Trai to create a harmonious, peaceful picture. The line: "Thạch lựu hiên còn phun thức đỏ, Hồng liên trì đã tịn mùi hương" not only describes the beauty of nature but also evokes a close-knit labor atmosphere. The images of red pomegranate trees, fragrant lotus flowers illustrate the prosperity and abundance of earth, reflecting the close relationship between nature and life. The scenery is not only for viewing but also part of human life, bringing peace and serenity to the soul. This is a unique aspect when Nguyen Trai not only describes but embeds life and profound human views into the scene.

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Nature in Nguyen Trai's poetry is inseparable from humans; rather, it blends and reflects life vividly. The line: "Lao xao chợ cá làng ngư phủ" perfectly combines scene and human activity. The sound "lao xao" of the fish market not only adds vibrancy to the natural picture but also evokes the image of industrious, bustling laborers. Nature does not stand apart, but always exists harmoniously with humans. This style breaks the traditional Tang poetry that often focuses on tranquil, distant nature. Through this, Nguyen Trai presented a new, humanistic, and more emotionally rich perspective.

3. Humanistic ideology, focusing on public welfare

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Nguyen Trai broke the mold in his poetry by expressing humanistic ideology, particularly his concern for the people's life. The final lines: "Lẽ có Ngu cầm đàn một tiếng, Dân giàu đủ khắp đòi phương" are not only a prayer for peaceful life but also express a dream for prosperity for the people. The image "Ngu cam" – a symbol of harmony between rulers and subjects, emphasizes the ideal of a perfect society where everyone lives abundantly and happily. This is a major divergence from traditional Tang poetry, which often centers on the author's ego. Nguyen Trai wrote not just for himself but for the people and the nation.

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The aspiration for "wealth for the people" in Nguyen Trai's poetry is a clear testament to his people-oriented ideology. In the historical context of that time, it was rare for a poet to prioritize the people's happiness. The line: "Dân giàu đủ khắp đòi phương" not only reflects the vision of a politician but also demonstrates the patriotic and compassionate heart of a great intellectual. Nguyen Trai not only described beauty or personal feelings but also conveyed a desire to build a better society. This is a breakthrough in thought, using poetry as a medium to convey noble and humane ideals.

4. Vivid, specific imagery

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Nguyen Trai uses vivid, specific natural images to imbue his poetry with spirit. The line: "Thạch lựu hiên còn phun thức đỏ" describes the scene of pomegranate trees blooming bright red as if "spraying" vigorous vitality. This is a unique expression, different from the static portrayal of nature in Tang poetry. Words like "phun" (spray) bring movement, making the scene lively and full of energy. Nature in Nguyen Trai's poetry is not only beautiful but also very "real", evoking a sense of closeness and easy imagining, fitting the Vietnamese homeland context.

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The imagery in Nguyen Trai's poetry always has a clear visual and emotional appeal. The line: "Hồng liên trì đã tịn mùi hương" describes a lotus pond gently radiating fragrance, an image both specific and elegant. The word "tin" (subtly emitting) not only suggests fragrance but also brings a delicate and relaxed feeling to the reader. This description contrasts with the abstract portrayal of nature in Tang poetry. Nguyen Trai skillfully incorporated into his poetry the distinctive features of Vietnamese nature, highlighting the vivid and realistic natural picture.