What is the shortest sample lesson "Nước Đại Việt ta"? What is the frequency of regular assessment for 8th-grade students in Vietnam?

Shortest sample lesson "Nước Đại Việt ta"

I. The Context of Creation

Historical Context:

"Nước Đại Việt ta" is a poem segment within the work "Bình Ngô đại cáo" by Nguyen Trai, written in 1428.

This was the period after the resistance against the Ming invaders ended, and the Great Dai Viet regained its independence after more than 20 years of occupation.

Dai Viet triumphed, expelled the Ming invaders, and restored national independence. Nguyen Trai wrote "Bình Ngô đại cáo" to declare victory and assert the autonomy of the country.

The poem "Nước Đại Việt ta" appears at the beginning of "Bình Ngô đại cáo," affirming the independence of Dai Viet with substantiated arguments of the country's history, geography, and culture.

Significance of the Work:

This work bears deep political meaning, not only celebrating victory but also asserting the self-determination of the Dai Viet nation, rejecting all foreign invasions and domination, especially by the Ming dynasty.

The work expresses pride in the country, its long-standing culture, and the determination of the Dai Viet people to defend national independence.

II. Composition of the Work

The work "Nước Đại Việt ta" can be divided into three parts:

Part 1 (Lines 1-2): Affirms the history and culture of Dai Viet.

Nguyen Trai introduces the country of Dai Viet as having a long-standing cultural tradition.

Part 2 (Lines 3-4): Describes the natural resources and strength of the country.

The images of "golden forests, silver seas," "mountains and rivers" depict the natural wealth and enduring strength of Dai Viet.

Part 3 (Lines 5-6): Declares war and demonstrates the determination to protect the country.

Asserts that Dai Viet will fight for the great cause, for independence and freedom, while determined to protect the territory.

III. Main Content of the Poem

Affirming the Long-standing History and Culture of Dai Viet:

The poem begins by affirming that Dai Viet is a country with a long-standing culture, a nation with a grand civilization and history, acknowledged in history for a long time.

Nguyen Trai uses the phrase "vốn xưng nền văn hiến đã lâu" (having long-recognized culture) to express pride in a nation with a developed cultural tradition.

Affirming the Resources and Strength of Dai Viet:

The imagery of "golden forests, silver seas," and "mountains and rivers" symbolizes not only the richness of natural resources but also the enduring sustainability and resilience of the Dai Viet nation. These are the factors contributing to the nation's strength and invincibility.

Affirming the Determination to Defend National Independence:

In the poem, Nguyen Trai shows a resolute determination to protect the country against invaders. The phrases "raise the high flag" and "determine to fight to protect the territory" are not only declarations of war but also reflect the unity and readiness of the entire nation to defend the country.

Pride in the Strength and Freedom of the Nation:

Nguyen Trai asserts that the Dai Viet nation is strong and resilient, and the country's independence will always be safeguarded. The perpetuity of Dai Viet manifests not only in natural factors but also in the people's determination.

IV. Answering the Questions in the Textbook

Question 1: "What do you understand about the first part of the poem?"

Answer: The first part of the poem expresses pride in the country of Dai Viet, affirming that this nation had a long-standing culture and glorious history. The verse "Nước Đại Việt ta từ xưa, Vốn xưng nền văn hiến đã lâu" (Nước Đại Việt ta from ancient times, having long-recognized civilization) indicates that Dai Viet is a nation with a civilization that developed very early, which cannot be denied. The words “vốn xưng” (long-recognized) affirm that Dai Viet has had repute for a long time and cannot be negated.

Question 2: "What emotions does the poem express about Nguyen Trai's feelings for the country?"

Answer: The poem expresses Nguyen Trai's profound love for the nation. He takes pride in the culture, natural resources, and strength of the Dai Viet people. At the same time, he also shows his determination to protect the country's freedom and independence from invasion. Nguyen Trai’s feelings for the country are full of pride, determination, and deep love, even to the very core.

Question 3: "What is the meaning of the verse 'Golden forests, silver seas, firm and enduring, Though the mountains and rivers may be separated, they are still steadfast'?"

Answer: This verse affirms that Dai Viet not only has abundant natural resources but also solid geographical sustainability, enduring through various periods. Nguyen Trai intends to emphasize that no matter the challenge, the Dai Viet country remains strong and is not easily defeated. This steadfastness is evidence of the nation's endurance over time.

Question 4: "Can you identify the prominent art in this poem?"

Answer: One of the prominent art forms in the poem is the use of imagery and allegory like "golden forests, silver seas," "mountains and rivers" to create expressive strength for the work. These images not only describe natural resources but also reflect the steadfastness and resilience of the country. The tone in the poem is very decisive and powerful, showing faith in the victory of the resistance and the permanence of the country.

V. Conclusion

The poem "Nước Đại Việt ta" by Nguyen Trai is a work of great historical and cultural value. The poem not only affirms the national self-determination of Dai Viet but also expresses pride in the country and determination to protect the nation's independence and freedom. The imagery and words in the poem not only convey pride but also serve as a strong declaration of war against invaders.