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What are the key events during the formation of feudal society in Western Europe?

The formation of feudal society in Western Europe was a long and complex historical process, closely linked to the decline of the Roman Empire and invasions by the Germanic tribes. Below are the main events:

[1] The Fall of the Roman Empire: The Roman Empire, a mighty empire, gradually weakened and collapsed under attacks from barbarian peoples.

[2] The Invasion of the Germanic Peoples: Germanic tribes such as the Franks, Visigoths, and Ostrogoths... invaded the territories of the Roman Empire, establishing their own kingdoms and laying the first foundations for feudal society.

[3] Formation of feudalism: Gradually, a new social system was formed, in which power was concentrated in the hands of feudal lords. The lords owned vast lands and dominated the lives of peasants.

[4] Emergence of Serf Policies: Free peasants gradually lost their lands, becoming serfs, dependent on lords and obliged to perform labor duties and pay taxes.

* Additionally, Characteristics of Feudal Estates in Western Europe

- Feudal estates were the main economic units of feudal society in Western Europe. Each estate was a large expanse of land overseen by a lord. Characteristics of feudal estates include:

- Self-sufficient Economy: Each estate produced enough food, supplies, and goods to serve the needs of the lord and serfs.

- Backward Agriculture: Primitive production tools, outdated farming techniques.

- Society Divided into Classes: The lord class held supreme power, while the serf class depended on the lord.

- Feudal Production Relations: Based on private land ownership policies by lords and the dependency of serfs on lords.

* Process of Formation of feudal society in Western Europe

- The formation of feudal society in Western Europe was a long and complex process, spanning several stages. It can be summarized as follows:

- Initial Phase: The collapse of the Roman Empire and the invasions by the Germanic peoples.

- Formation Phase: The creation of small kingdoms, land division, and formation of feudalism.

- Development Phase: The development of feudal estates, and consolidation of the lords' power.

- Decline Phase: The emergence of towns, development of commerce and handicrafts, gradually weakening feudalism.

* Relationship Between Lords and Serfs in feudal society

- The relationship between lords and serfs in feudal society was an exploitative one. Lords owned land, and production tools, and held supreme power. Serfs had no land, nor tools, and were entirely dependent on the lords.

- Serfs were obligated to perform duties for lords such as:

- Rent Payment: Delivering a portion of harvested products to the lord.

- Labor Service: Serving the lord without pay.

- Military Service: Joining the lord's army during wars.

- The serf class in Western European feudal society was formed from former free peasants. Due to wars, failed crops, or land seizure by nobles, they were forced to become serfs to survive. Additionally, some freed slaves still depended on lords and became serfs.

>>>In summary, feudal society in Western Europe was a class-based, unequal society. Lords held absolute power, while serfs lived in an exploited and dependent state.