How many subregions and strongholds did France build in Dien Bien Phu? What are the general requirements for students in the integration of national defense and security education in Vietnam?

How many subregions and strongholds did France build in Dien Bien Phu?

The answer to the question "How many subregions and strongholds did France build in Dien Bien Phu?" is as follows:

During the Dien Bien Phu campaign in 1954, the French colonialists established a solid defensive system at Dien Bien Phu, divided into 3 main subregions with a total of 49 strongholds. This was the largest and most concentrated defensive system of the French in Indochina, designed to transform Dien Bien Phu into an "impregnable fortress," halting the strategic route of the Viet Minh and protecting French interests in the area.

(1) Northern Subregion:

- Focused in the areas of Doc Lap Hill (Gabrielle stronghold) and Ban Keo Hill.

- This was the first line of defense in the north of the valley, tasked with blocking the Viet Minh's advancing routes from Lai Chau direction and protecting the French supply line.

- Though strategically located, after intense early attacks by the Viet Minh forces, this subregion was quickly isolated and fell.

(2) Central Subregion:

- This was the most important subregion, centered around Muong Thanh Airport, the main assembly point for French forces and military supplies.

- The defensive system here included strongholds such as Him Lam (Beatrice), Hill E, and clusters of strongholds in the center of the valley.

- The headquarters of the Dien Bien Phu stronghold complex, commanded by General Christian de Castries, was located here. The subregion was surrounded by a series of interconnected strongholds, forming a dense defensive line.

(3) Southern Subregion:

- Concentrated in the hills to the south of the valley, including strongholds such as C1, C2, A1 (Eliane), D1, and other high points.

- The role of this subregion was to safeguard the southern gateway, preventing the Viet Minh from advancing from the Na Nham area and the southeast.

- The system of strongholds here was arranged in a network, supporting each other with artillery and tank firepower, creating a solid line of defense.

Defensive Characteristics:

The system of 49 French strongholds was organized into a "stronghold complex" with tightly linked defensive clusters, mutually supporting each other with artillery, air force, and tanks. The French colonialists mobilized extensive manpower and resources to build robust fortifications, fully equipped with modern military equipment to transform Dien Bien Phu into an "impregnable fortress."

However, with strategic tactics and determination from the Vietnamese People’s Army, under the command of General Vo Nguyen Giap, this entire defensive system was dismantled. Each stronghold fell in succession, notably Hill A1—one of France's most important strongholds—was eliminated by the Vietnamese army after many days of fierce fighting. The Dien Bien Phu Campaign concluded on May 7, 1954, marking the complete collapse of the stronghold complex and a significant victory in the resistance against the French colonialists.

The fall of the Dien Bien Phu stronghold complex not only ended France's plan to reclaim Indochina but also laid the groundwork for the signing of the Geneva Accords (1954), ushering in a new phase in Vietnam's struggle for national liberation.

Note: Content is for reference purposes only.

How many subregions and strongholds did France build in Dien Bien Phu? What are the general requirements for students in the integration of national defense and security education in Vietnam? (Image from the Internet)

What are the general requirements for students in the integration of national defense and security education in Vietnam?

According to Article 5 of Circular 08/2024/TT-BGDDT, the general requirements for students in the integration of national defense and security education in Vietnam are as follows:

- Requirements regarding qualities

Cultivate and develop qualities in students such as patriotism, compassion, honesty, responsibility, diligence; awareness, and responsibility of citizens in building and defending the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

- Requirements regarding competencies

Cultivate and develop skills in students such as autonomy, self-learning; communication and cooperation; problem-solving, and innovation through specialized abilities: understanding national defense and security at a basic level; and applying learned knowledge and skills in life.

What are the regulations on facilities and funding for the integration of national defense and security education in Vietnam?

According to Article 6 of Circular 08/2024/TT-BGDDT regulating facilities and funding for the integration of national defense and security education in Vietnam:

- Primary and lower secondary schools fully use existing facilities; have plans to invest in and enhance facilities, minimal teaching equipment as required, models, educational tools, and documents needed and approved by competent authorities; have sufficient materials related to the content, knowledge, and skills of national defense and security education to facilitate integration.

- Local authorities, primary and lower secondary schools ensure facilities and other necessary conditions to implement the integration of national defense and security education using regular school operational funds and other lawful financial resources;

- Funding for the integration of national defense and security education shall be covered by ponsorships and aids from domestic and international organizations and individuals as stipulated by law; lawful financial resources from non-public educational institutions and other related agencies, organizations, and individuals.