Vietnam: What is the formula for calculating electricity consumption? What are the examples of applying this formula to household appliances?
What is the formula for calculating electricity consumption? What are the examples of applying this formula to household appliances?
The formula for calculating electricity consumption:
| A = P x t |
*Where:
A: Electricity consumption (unit: kWh - kilowatt-hour)
Electricity consumption: The amount of electric energy a device uses over a certain period.
P: Power of the device (unit: kW - kilowatt)
Power: The measure indicating the level of electricity consumption by the device per unit of time.
t: Usage time of the device (unit: hours)
Time: The period during which the device operates.
*Example application for household appliances:
Suppose we have a television with a power of 100W (0.1 kW) used for 5 hours per day. To calculate the television's electricity consumption in one day, we apply the formula:
A = P x t = 0.1 kW x 5 hours = 0.5 kWh
Thus, the television consumes 0.5 kWh of electricity in one day.
Example: 2 Refrigerator: Suppose a refrigerator has a power of 120W (0.12 kW) operating 24 hours/day. The electricity consumption in one day for the refrigerator is: A = 0.12 kW x 24 hours = 2.88 kWh.
Example: 3 Air conditioner: Suppose an air conditioner has a power of 1500W (1.5 kW) operating 8 hours/day. The electricity consumption in one day for the air conditioner is: A = 1.5 kW x 8 hours = 12 kWh.
Example: 4 Light bulb: Suppose a filament light bulb has a power of 60W (0.06 kW) used 4 hours/day. The electricity consumption in one day for the light bulb is: A = 0.06 kW x 4 hours = 0.24 kWh.
*Note: The above information is for reference only.
What is the formula for calculating electricity consumption? What are the examples of applying this formula to household appliances? (Image from Internet)
What is the grade at which the formula for calculating electricity consumption is taught in the Natural Sciences curriculum?
According to Section 5 of the general education program in Natural Sciences issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT prescribing the requirements in the 9th-grade Physics:
Electricity
- Electrification phenomenon
- Electric current
- Effects of electric current
- Power source
- Simple circuit
- Measure of current and voltage
- Electrical resistance
- Ohm's Law
- Series and parallel DC circuits
- Electrical energy and power
Required learning outcomes:
- Conduct simple experiments to show that resistance impedes current in a circuit.
- State (without deriving): The formula for calculating the resistance of a wire segment (by length, cross-sectional area, resistivity); formulas for calculating equivalent resistance of series and parallel DC circuits.
- Use the given formulas to calculate the resistance of a wire segment and the equivalent resistance of series and parallel DC circuits in some simple cases.
- Conduct experiments to establish Ohm's Law: The current through a wire is directly proportional to the voltage across it and inversely proportional to its resistance.
- Perform experiments to determine that in a series circuit, the current is the same at all points; in a parallel circuit, the sum of the currents in the branches equals the current in the main circuit.
- Calculate the current in series and parallel DC circuits, in some simple cases.
- State the rated power of electrical devices (the power consumed when they operate normally).
- Give examples showing that electric current has energy.
- Calculate the energy of a current and power in simple cases.
- Assemble a circuit and measure the current value in a series circuit.
- Assemble a circuit and measure the current value in a parallel circuit.
Thus, the formula for calculating electricity consumption is taught in the 9th-grade Natural Sciences curriculum.
What is the foundation for developing the Natural Sciences curriculum in Vietnam?
Under Section 1 of the general education program in Natural Sciences issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT prescribing the requirements in the 9th-grade Physics:
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUBJECT
In the general education program, Natural Science is a compulsory subject taught at the lower secondary level, helping students develop attributes and capabilities formed and developed at the elementary level; perfect foundational knowledge, skills, and learning methods to continue studying at the upper secondary level, vocational training, or participating in the workforce.
Natural Science is developed and developed on the foundation of the sciences of physics, chemistry, biology, and Earth sciences. The research subject of Natural Science is objects, phenomena, processes, and basic properties concerning the existence and motion of the natural world. In the Natural Science curriculum, educational content about the general principles and concepts of the natural world is integrated according to the principles of nature, ensuring the internal logic of each content stream.
The research subjects of Natural Science are closely connected to students' daily lives. Natural sciences themselves are experimental sciences. Therefore, practice and experimentation in the laboratory, in dedicated classrooms, in the field, and at production sites have significant meaning and are the distinguished teaching forms of this subject. Through organizing practical activities and experiments, Natural Science helps students explore the natural world, develop cognition, logical thinking, and the ability to apply knowledge in practice.
Natural Science continuously innovates to meet the demands of modern life. Therefore, general education must constantly update scientific achievements reflecting the advances of science, technology, and engineering. This characteristic requires the Natural Science curriculum to simplify descriptive content to organize students' exploration and understanding of scientific knowledge of general principles, forming the basis for the application of science in practice.
Natural Science is a subject of crucial importance to the comprehensive development of students, forming a foundational role in developing a scientific worldview for lower secondary students. Together with Mathematics, Technology, and Informatics, Natural Science contributes to promoting STEM education—an educational direction being developed globally as well as in Vietnam, contributing to meeting the demand for a young workforce for the industrialization and modernization period.
Thus, Natural Science is developed and developed on the foundation of the sciences of physics, chemistry, biology, and Earth sciences.
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