Vietnam: What are the major events in the Resistance War Against the United States from 1954 to 1975? What are the core contents of the 12th-grade History program?
What are the major events in the Resistance War Against the United States from 1954 to 1975 in Vietnam?
The resistance war against the U.S. for national salvation by Vietnamese people took place during 21 years from 1954 to 1975. Below are major events in the Resistance War Against the United States from 1954 to 1975 in Vietnam:
| Timeline | Event |
| September 1954 | The U.S. established the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO). |
| July 1955 | Ngô Đình Diệm's government refused consultations with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam regarding a nationwide general election. |
| April 28, 1956 | French troops withdrew from Southern Vietnam. Ngô Đình Diệm's government rejected the general election, pursued an "anti-communist" policy; building the puppet army under American sponsorship. |
| 1958 | With increased U.S. aid, the Saigon government continued massacring the people. |
| January 1959 | The 15th Party Congress (2nd cycle) of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam decided on the direction, and tasks of the Southern Revolution: "Uprisings to seize power for the people" by "combining the mass political forces with armed forces". |
| May 1959 | The "National Assembly" of Ngô Đình Diệm's government introduced Law No. 10 of 1959, using the guillotine throughout Southern Vietnam to intensify the massacre of revolutionists. |
| May 19, 1959 | The strategic military transportation route 559 (later known as the Ho Chi Minh Trail) was established. |
| August 1959 | The people in many communes of Trà Bồng district, Quang Ngai, along with the provincial armed team, rose to insurrection to eliminate enemies and seize power. |
| January 17, 1960 | The people of Bến Tre rose up in a general uprising. From there, the general uprising movement spread throughout southern provinces, opening a strong offensive momentum for the revolution. |
| September 5 to September 13, 1960 | The Third Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam (then called the Workers' Party of Vietnam) convened, outlining two strategic objectives of the Vietnamese revolution: Building socialism in the North and struggling for national reunification. |
| December 20, 1960 | The National Liberation Front of Southern Vietnam was established. Its 10-point platform was approved. |
| 1961 | The U.S. proposed the "Staley-Taylor Plan" to conduct a "special war" aiming to "pacify" Southern Vietnam within 18 months, establishing a Military Command in Saigon. |
| January 2, 1963 | At Ấp Bắc, the Southern Vietnam liberation forces defeated the Saigon army with U.S. advisors commanding, signaling the start of the anti-puppet climax. |
| November 1, 1963 | Diệm - Nhu died in a coup orchestrated by the U.S. to achieve a "change of horses mid-stream". |
| August 5, 1964 | The U.S. launched a "destructive war" by air and naval forces in Northern Vietnam. |
| January 3, 1965 | The Southern Vietnam liberation forces had a major victory in Bình Giã. |
| February 7, 1965 | The U.S. bombed Northern Vietnam, escalating the war. |
| May 27, 1965 | Victory at Núi Thành (Quang Nam). |
| May 27, 1965 | A significant victory at Ba Gia (Quang Ngai) by the liberation forces. |
| August 18, 1965 | At Vạn Tường (Quang Ngai), the liberation forces scored a major victory against the U.S., starting the climax of the anti-American campaign. |
| October 1966 to April 1967 | The liberation forces smashed 3 major U.S. operations in Tây Ninh (Attleboro, Cedar Falls, Junction City). |
| January 30 and 31, 1968 | The Tết Offensive of 1968 took place. |
| May 1968 | The U.S. had to accept negotiations with representatives of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Paris. |
| November 1, 1968 | The U.S. suspended bombing in Northern Vietnam. |
| January 1969 | The U.S. was compelled to accept the four-party talks in Paris. |
| February 1971 | Vietnamese troops and people, alongside Laotian forces, completely defeated the "Lam Son 719" operation on Route 9 - Southern Laos. |
| April 16, 1972 | Nixon mobilized air and naval forces to strike Northern Vietnam. |
| December 1972 | In "Operation Linebacker II" (Dien Bien Phu in the Air), we defeated the U.S. strategic bombing by B52s over Hanoi. |
| January 27, 1973 | The Paris Accords on Vietnam were signed. The U.S. committed to ending its aggressive war in Vietnam, respecting the independence, sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity of Vietnam, withdrawing all U.S. and allied troops from Southern Vietnam. |
| March 10, 1975 | Liberation of the town of Buon Ma Thuot, marking the start of the 1975 Spring General Offensive aiming to completely liberate Southern Vietnam. |
| March 24, 1975 | Liberation of the Central Highlands. |
| March 26, 1975 | Liberation of Hue. |
| March 29, 1975 | Liberation of Danang. |
| April 26, 1975 | The Ho Chi Minh campaign began. |
| 11:30 AM, April 30, 1975 | Complete liberation of Saigon. |
What are the major events in the Resistance War Against the United States from 1954 to 1975 in Vietnam? Core content of 12th-grade History subject? (Image from the internet)
What are the outcomes required for the content regarding the Resistance War Against the U.S. for national salvation in the 12th-grade History program in Vietnam?
Under the General Education Program issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the outcomes required for the content regarding the Resistance War Against the U.S. for national salvation in the 12th-grade History program in Vietnam are as follows:
- Know how to collect and use historical documents to learn about the resistance war against the U.S. for national salvation.
- Present an overview of the historical context, and key development phases of the resistance war against the U.S. for national salvation.
- State the reasons for the victory of the resistance war against the U.S. for national salvation.
- Analyze the position and historical significance of the resistance war against the U.S. for national salvation in the course of Vietnamese history.
- Respect and take pride in the indomitable tradition of our forebears in the resistance war against the U.S. for national salvation, and participate in gratitude activities in the locality.
What are the core contents of the 12th-grade History program in Vietnam?
According to the General Education Program issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the core contents of the 12th-grade History program in Vietnam include:
- The world during and post-Cold War.
- The socio-economic development process of the United States from 1945 to the present.
- China's reform and opening-up from 1978 to the present.
- ASEAN: Historical milestones.
- August Revolution of 1945, national liberation war, and homeland protection war in Vietnam history (from August 1945 to present).
- The Renovation in Vietnam from 1986 to present.
- History of Vietnam's foreign relations.
- Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam history.
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