What are the guidelines for comparison of the "chất thép" in the poem "Lai Tân" with the poem "Ngắm trăng" in 2025? How many lessons do the writing skills in the 12th-grade Literature curriculum in Vietnam account for?
What are the guidelines for comparison of the "chất thép" in the poem "Lai Tân" with the poem "Ngắm trăng" in 2025?
Exploring the "chất thép" in the poem "Lai Tân"
| Manifestations of the "chất thép" in the poem "Lai Tân": - President Ho Chi Minh not only objectively described the scene at "Lai Tân" prison but cleverly exposed the decay, incompetence, and irresponsibility of the bureaucracy of that era through it. - The final verse with the image "dai thien bang" (the cloud lord) contains deep sarcasm, expressing strong criticism without harsh words. - The "chất thép" in this poem lies in the clarity and courage to face the social reality, embodying the spirit of resistance against injustice. Why is there "chất thép"? President Ho Chi Minh wrote this poem while being imprisoned but did not complain or lament. Instead, he used a humorous tone to reflect reality, showing resilience, not succumbing to hardship. |
Exploring the "chất thép" in the poem "Ngắm trăng"
| Manifestations of the "chất thép" in the poem "Ngắm trăng": - Despite being imprisoned in harsh jail conditions, without wine or flowers, President Ho Chi Minh remained composed, admired the moon, and let his soul soar with the beauty of nature. This demonstrates an indomitable spirit, not letting circumstances overshadow ideals and love for beauty. - The final verse "The person watches the moon outside the window / The moon peers through the door to see the poet" reflects the harmony between man and nature, rising above prison conditions, proving that captors can imprison the body but cannot bind the soul. - The "chất thép" lies in the fact that, amid harsh prison conditions, Ho Chi Minh maintained a calm, optimistic demeanor. It is not only personal will but also the expression of a great soul always directed towards freedom, light, and beauty. |
Comparison of the "chất thép" in the poem "Lai Tân" with the poem "Ngắm trăng"
Model 1
The "chất thép" in the two poems "Lai Tân" and "Ngắm trăng" by President Ho Chi Minh is expressed through resilient will and an indomitable spirit rising above circumstances, yet each poem carries its own style and nuance. In ""Lai Tân"," the "chất thép" is shown through a satirical, ironic tone, directly criticizing the corrupt bureaucracy. The image "dai thien bang" (cloud lord) is a sharp symbol, pointing out officials' irresponsibility. The spirit of fighting against evil in this poem demonstrates sharp, strong, combative elements.
Conversely, the "chất thép" in "Ngắm trăng" carries a tranquil, romantic nature. Even in harsh imprisonment, President Ho Chi Minh retained a serene soul, blended with nature's beauty. The image of "the person admiring the moon" and "the moon peering through the door" showcases a poised disposition, transcending circumstances, affirming a spirit of freedom that nothing can bind. The "chất thép" here is gentle yet persistent, hidden behind composure and love for life.
Thus, if ""Lai Tân"" exhibits "chất thép" through direct, vigorous struggle, "Ngắm trăng" affirms resilient will through an optimistic spirit and love for beauty. Both poems embody the fusion of "chất thép" and sentiment, exemplifying President Ho Chi Minh's composed, indomitable demeanor.
Comparison of the "chất thép" in the poem "Lai Tân" with the poem "Ngắm trăng" - Model 2
The "chất thép" in the two poems ""Lai Tân"" and "Ngắm trăng" by Ho Chi Minh, although expressed differently, both reflect the resilient will and indomitable spirit of a revolutionary warrior. In ""Lai Tân"," the "chất thép" emerges through sharp satire, directly exposing the corrupt bureaucracy of feudal China. The image "dai thien bang" (cloud lord) stands for stagnation, portraying strong yet discreet criticism, fully imbued with the spirit of struggle.
Conversely, the "chất thép" in "Ngắm trăng" is manifested through a romantic demeanor, the spirit of overcoming harsh prison conditions. Despite the lack of both material and freedom, Ho Chi Minh leisurely enjoyed the moon's beauty, expressing a pure spirit and unyielding will. The images of "the person admiring the moon" and "the moon peering through the door" symbolize spiritual freedom surpassing all limitations.
Both poems not only highlight "chất thép" in different aspects but also glorify the beauty of a revolutionary warrior. It is the strength in the struggle against evil and adversity and it is also the optimism and ease amid adversity. Ho Chi Minh was not only a resolute leader but also a poet with a noble soul, always oriented towards beauty and lofty ideals. The two poems are vivid proofs of His indomitable spirit, serving as a great inspiration for future generations.
Note: The content is for reference only!
What are the guidelines for comparison of the "chất thép" in the poem "Lai Tân" with the poem "Ngắm trăng" in 2025? How many lessons do the writing skills in the 12th-grade Literature curriculum in Vietnam account for? (Image from the Internet)
How many lessons do the writing skills in the 12th-grade Literature curriculum in Vietnam account for?
Under the General Education Program for Literature issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, there is a regulation on the allocation of time among reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills (giving more time to practicing reading skills); specifically, the percentage of time allocated for skills in each grade group is as follows:
| Grade Group | Reading | Writing | Speaking and Listening | Periodic Assessment |
| From Grades 1 to 3 | approximately 60% | approximately 25% | approximately 10% | approximately 5% |
| From Grades 4 to 5 | approximately 63% | approximately 22% | approximately 10% | approximately 5% |
| From Grades 6 to 9 | approximately 63% | approximately 22% | approximately 10% | approximately 5% |
| From Grades 10 to 12 | approximately 60% | approximately 25% | approximately 10% | approximately 5% |
Thus, the time allocated for writing skills in the 12th-grade Literature curriculum in Vietnam is approximately 25% of the total lessons.
What is the minimum teaching equipment for Literature?
Based on the General Education Program subject Literature issued with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the minimum teaching equipment for Literature is as follows:
What does teaching equipment used for Literature in Vietnam include?
Under Section 8 of the Appendix of the General Education Program for Literature issued together with Circular 32/2018/TT-BGDDT, the teaching equipment used for Literature in Vietnam includes:
The minimum teaching equipment for Literature is a reference bookshelf, containing major document types: literary texts, argumentative texts, and informational texts; with various forms such as storybooks and comic books.
Each major document type includes subtypes: literary texts consist of stories, poems, plays, and prose; argumentative texts include literary arguments and social arguments; informational texts include expository and practical texts.
Some illustrations such as portraits of major authors in the curriculum; illustrations depicting the content and art of significant works like "Nam quốc sơn hà", "Hịch tướng sĩ", "Bình Ngô đại cáo", "Truyện Kiều", "Văn tế nghĩa sĩ Cần Giuộc", "Tuyên ngôn Độc lập", etc.
Schools in favorable conditions should have Internet access, computers, and projectors; additionally, equip with some Vietnamese language teaching software; CDs, video clips introducing national scenic spots and historical sites, homes of writers (to teach and learn expository texts);
Some animated films, movies adapted from literary works, or CDs, video clips recording performances of scripts; CDs recording music based on selected poems as teaching materials, or some extended reading texts, seminar exchanges, talks by writers, literary researchers, and critics; Literature textbooks, literary books, and electronic literary educational materials.
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