Vietnam: What are the answers to 10 questions in the "Learn about the 50th anniversary of Southern Liberation and National Reunification Day on April 30 and May 1, 2015" contest?

What are the answers to 10 questions in the "Learn about the 50th anniversary of Southern Liberation and National Reunification Day on April 30 and May 1, 2015" contest?

Below are the answers to 10 questions in the "Learn about the 50th anniversary of Southern Liberation and National Reunification Day on April 30 and May 1, 2015" contest for your reference:

Question 1: Under what circumstances did the Central Committee for Southern Vietnam come into existence? What was its role in the war against the U.S. for the national liberation?

(1) Under what circumstances did the Central Committee for Southern Vietnam come into existence?

The Central Committee for Southern Vietnam was first established in March 1951 by decision of the 1st Central Conference (2nd Congress), aimed at leading the Southern revolution movement during the resistance against the French. After the Geneva Accords (1954), the Central Committee was dissolved but was re-established on January 23, 1961, following the decision of the 3rd Central Conference (3rd Congress) as the resistance war against the U.S. entered an intense phase. At this time, the Saigon government, backed by the U.S., was repressing the revolutionary movement, pushing the South into a critical situation, necessitating a central agency for comprehensive leadership of the struggle.

(2) What was the role of the Central Committee for Southern Vietnam in the war against the U.S. for national liberation?

The Central Committee for Southern Vietnam played an important role in leading the Southern revolution, specifically:

- Comprehensive leadership of the revolutionary movement: Directed the resistance on all three fronts of military, political, and diplomatic, ensuring unified strategic direction.

- Directed armed struggles: Contributed to building and developing the Southern Liberation Army, organizing important campaigns like Binh Gia (1964-1965), Tet Offensive (1968), Nguyen Hue (1972), which changed the war's dynamics.

- Organized political struggle and military mobilization movements: Called on the Southern population to rise against the Saigon government, combining with military mobilization to weaken the opponent's army morale.

- Built revolutionary bases and liberated areas: Directed the construction of revolutionary bases, notably the Northern Tay Ninh base - the headquarters of the Central Committee, a solid rear for the Southern front.

- Contributed to the 1975 victory: The Central Committee played a crucial role in directing the Spring 1975 Offensive and Uprising, especially the Ho Chi Minh Campaign that completely liberated the South and unified the country.

Thus, the Central Committee for Southern Vietnam was the brain center commanding the Southern revolution, significantly contributing to the ultimate victory in the war against the U.S. for national liberation.

Question 2: President Ho Chi Minh wrote, “Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom.” Please explain the context and significance of this call for determining the leadership line in the war against the U.S. for national liberation by our Communist Party.

The call "Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom" was written by President Ho Chi Minh in 1966 when the national resistance against the U.S. entered its most intense phase, with the U.S. expanding the war by air and naval attacks to bring the North back to the Stone Age.

Significance of the call "Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom" for the leadership line in the war against the U.S. for national liberation:

- Affirming historical truth and core national values

+ The call embodies the patriotic spirit, the resilient will of the Vietnamese nation, affirming that independence and freedom are the most sacred values.

+ It emphasizes that no peace is meaningful if the nation remains oppressed and enslaved, forming the ideological basis for the Party's war strategy.

- A sacred call uniting the nation's strength

+ The call inspired the fighting spirit, motivating the entire people and army to unite and determinedly fight the U.S. to the end.

+ It became an action slogan, urging people and soldiers nationwide to overcome difficulties and advance towards victory.

- Strengthening the comprehensive war strategy, combining military, political, and diplomatic approaches

+ In terms of military: Directed persistent struggle, self-reliance, defeating U.S. war strategies.

+ In terms of politics: Aroused domestic struggle movements, especially in the South, weakening the Saigon government.

+ In terms of diplomacy: Laid the ideological foundation for negotiations, contributing to the 1973 Paris Agreement forcing the U.S. to withdraw from Vietnam.

>> Conclusion: The call "Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom" is not only a political declaration but also a guiding principle for the Communist Party's leadership in the war, contributing to our nation's great victory in the war against the U.S. for national liberation.

Question 3: Please explain the circumstances in which President Ho Chi Minh said, “The beloved South is always in my heart,” and the role of the great rear of the North in the national resistance against the U.S. for liberation?

The phrase "The beloved South is always in my heart" was spoken by President Ho Chi Minh in 1962 when meeting the delegation from the National Liberation Front of the Southern Region visiting the North.

In the resistance against the U.S., the North played the role of a great rear, providing comprehensive support for the South. Not only did it develop the economy and stabilize social life, but the North also strived to build a strong armed force, ensuring abundant human and material resources to support the battlefield. Simultaneously, military, economic, and political assistance from the North laid a solid foundation, helping the South maintain combat strength, gradually defeating the enemy, and significantly contributing to the final victory of the resistance, completely liberating the South and unifying the country.

Question 4: Please list the significant victories of our military and people that contributed to defeating the new colonial invasion war by U.S. imperialism and its puppets (1954-1975)?

Significant victories of our military and people during the resistance against French colonialism and U.S. imperialism marked decisive turning points in our national history and demonstrated the indomitable fighting spirit for independence and freedom.

- Dien Bien Phu Campaign (1954): One of Vietnam's greatest victories, completely defeating the strongest French colonial stronghold. This victory dealt a critical blow to French colonial ambitions, compelling them to sign the Geneva Accords, ending the First Indochina War, and opening a new stage for Vietnam's revolution.

- Tet Offensive (1968): A strategically important battle in the U.S. resistance. The revolutionary forces unexpectedly attacked major cities, including Saigon, shaking U.S. invasion resolve and causing international uproar, forcing the U.S. to de-escalate the war and gradually withdraw from Vietnam.

- Paris Agreement (1973): After persistent struggle on all fronts—military, political, and diplomatic, we forced the U.S. to sign the Paris Agreement, committing to end the war and withdraw troops. This was a significant victory, creating favorable conditions for the Southern revolution to proceed to complete liberation.

- Spring 1975 General Offensive and Uprising: Starting with the Central Highlands Campaign, followed by the Hue - Da Nang Campaign, and concluding with the historic Ho Chi Minh Campaign. With lightning speed, our military and people completely defeated the Saigon government, liberating the South and unifying the country on April 30, 1975, ending the U.S. resistance war.

These victories vividly demonstrate the patriotism, resilient will, and unity strength of the Vietnamese nation, affirming the truth “Nothing is more precious than independence and freedom” as stated by President Ho Chi Minh.

Question 5: Explain the significance of the Paris Agreement to the victory of the resistance against the U.S. for national liberation?

The Paris Agreement of 1973 holds great significance for the victory in the resistance against the U.S. for national liberation:

- Forcing the U.S. to withdraw troops, creating conditions for Southern liberation: The agreement ended direct U.S. intervention, weakened the Saigon government, creating favorable conditions for our military and people to proceed with the general offensive and unify the country.

- Affirming victory on the diplomatic front: The U.S.'s signing of the Agreement is evidence of the legitimacy of our resistance, simultaneously elevating Vietnam's international prestige and position.

- Creating conditions for the 1975 general offensive: Although the U.S. withdrew, the Saigon government remained stubborn, hence necessitating a general offensive to achieve complete victory.

- Demonstrating the resilient fighting spirit of the nation: The negotiation and signing process of the Agreement reflected the determined will of the Vietnamese people, proving that a small nation can defeat a mighty power with courage, intellect, and patriotism.

Question 6: How many Corps (equivalent to Army Corps) participated in the Ho Chi Minh Campaign? What were these Corps, and what were their outstanding feats?

The Ho Chi Minh Campaign, also known as the Liberation Campaign of Saigon - Gia Dinh, took place from April 26 to April 30, 1975, as the decisive battle ending the resistance war against the U.S. for national liberation. Four main Corps and Group 232 participated in the campaign with specific tasks as follows:

- Corps 1: Captured key positions in Phu Loi, Binh Duong, Lai Khe, Ben Cat, Tan Yen, isolating and destroying the Enemy's Division 5, preventing this force from retreating to Saigon.

- Corps 2: Cooperated with regional special forces and the Vung Tau area, attacked bases at Nuoc Trong, Long Binh district, Nhon Trach, Tuy Hoa town, and expanded the area to Can Gio.

- Corps 3: Destroyed Dong Du base, cut off and exhausted the Enemy Division 25 if they withdrew to Saigon, and simultaneously advanced deep into the inner city, capturing strategic targets like Tan Son Nhat airport.

- Corps 4: Captured Bien Hoa, Ho Nai, advanced into the center of Saigon, controlled districts 1, 2, 3 along with other strategic locations.

- Group 232: Captured and controlled important traffic routes on Highway 4 two days before the general attack, preventing enemy withdrawal from Saigon to the delta and blocking reinforcements from advancing from the delta.

Through close coordination, the campaign demolished the defensive forces of the Saigon government, significantly contributing to the ultimate victory in the resistance, completely liberating the South, and unifying the country on April 30, 1975.

Question 7: Under what circumstances was the historic order by General Vo Nguyen Giap, “Swift as lightning, more daring, more daring still,” created, and what is the historical value of this order in the Great Spring Victory of 1975?

The order “Swift as lightning, more daring, more daring still” was signed by General Vo Nguyen Giap on April 7, 1975, when the war entered a decisive phase.

- Following resounding victories in the Central Highlands, Hue, Da Nang, the Saigon army fell into panic and loss of control.

- The Politburo determined the strategic opportunity was ripe, needing to expedite the offensive to liberate the South before the rainy season.

- To capitalize on the element of surprise and prevent enemy reaction, General Vo Nguyen Giap issued an urgent order, demanding the forces march with utmost speed and boldness, seizing every hour and minute to encircle Saigon before the enemy could organize a defense.

Historical value of the “Order” in the Great Spring Victory 1975:

- Accelerated the offensive pace, giving the enemy no chance to counterattack: Our troops moved day and night at maximum speed, quickly encircling Saigon.

- Created surprise, causing enemy panic and collapse: The Saigon regime was unprepared for defense, leading to its rapid downfall.

- Inspired fighting spirit, raising the troops' determination: The order served as a “general's appeal,” arousing tremendous fighting enthusiasm, helping our troops fight with the determination to win.

- Led to the swift victory of the Ho Chi Minh Campaign: By executing this order, our forces launched the Ho Chi Minh Campaign on April 26, and within just five days achieved complete victory at noon on April 30, 1975, liberating the South and unifying the country.

The historic order by General Vo Nguyen Giap significantly contributed to the resounding success of the Great Spring Victory of 1975, ending the over 20-year-long resistance against the U.S. for national liberation.

Question 8: Please present your understanding of the historic Ho Chi Minh Campaign and the military art of our ancestors, distilled in the struggle for safeguarding and building the country.

Question 9: During the Great Spring Victory of 1975, there was a particularly outstanding achievement affirming the sacred sovereignty of our nation’s seas and islands - what is this achievement? What is the responsibility of military youth and the younger generation in safeguarding the national sovereignty of seas and islands today?

Question 10: Please express your feelings on the historical Victory on April 30, 1975 - the Liberation of the South, the unification of the country, and your personal responsibility in the new era, an era of national awakening, determined to “build a more prosperous, civilized, heroic, and cultured Vietnam” (not more than 5000 words).

>>> View detailed answers to questions 8, 9, and 10 in the "Learn about the 50th anniversary of Southern Liberation and National Reunification Day on April 30 and May 1, 2015" contest ...Here

Note: The answers are for REFERENCE only!

What are the answers to 10 questions in the "Learn about the 50th anniversary of Southern Liberation and National Reunification Day on April 30 and May 1, 2015" contest? (Image from the Internet)

What are the objectives of national defense and security education at universities in Vietnam?

According to the provisions of Section 1 of the National Defense and Security Education Program in intermediate pedagogical schools, pedagogical colleges, and higher education institutions issued with Circular 05/2020/TT-BGDDT, the objectives of national defense and security education at universities are as follows:

- National defense and security education for university students is a compulsory subject.

- Students shall have initial knowledge of the national defense of the entire people, people's security; the tradition of national anti-invasion, people's armed forces, and Vietnamese military art; having the basic, necessary knowledge about civil defense, military skills; ready to perform military and police duties to protect the Fatherland.

- Students have a fundamental knowledge of the Communist Party of Vietnam's views, state's policies, and laws on national defense and security; building the national defense of the entire people, people's security, building a strategy of national defense associated with people's security strategy, building people's armed forces; supplementing knowledge about civil defense and military skills; ready to perform military and police duties to protect the Fatherland.

What are the principles of national defense and security education in Vietnam?

According to Article 5 of the Law on National Defense and Security Education 2013, the principles of national defense and security education in Vietnam include:

- National defense and security education must comply with the Constitution and laws of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, under the leadership of the Communist Party of Vietnam, with the unified management of the State.

- National defense and security education is the responsibility of the political system and the entire population, with the State playing a leading role.

- National defense and security education must be combined with political ideology education, dissemination of legal knowledge, and building a strong and comprehensive foundation.

- National defense and security education must be comprehensive, focused, and prioritized, using suitable forms; combine theory with practice, between theory and practical application.

- Programs and content of national defense and security education must be suitable for each subject and promptly address the real situation.

- National defense and security education must ensure state secrecy, planning, inheritance, development, scientific, modern, understandable, practical, and effective.