What are the guidelines for the analysis of Nguyen Binh Khiem's poem "Nhàn"? What are the regulations on assessing the learning results in the entire academic year of 10th-grade students in Vietnam?

Nguyen Binh Khiem was a scholar with profound learning who once served as an official but chose to retire due to the unjust court scene; he lived a carefree, leisurely life. He is also known as a famous poet with two collections of Han poetry "Bach Van am thi tap" and the Nom poetry collection "Bach Van quoc ngu thi". The poem "Nhàn" is extracted from the "Bach Van am thi tap" collection. The poem, written in the seven-word and eight-line Tang style, is Nguyen Binh Khiem's heartfelt expression of a life filled with joy, leisure, and tranquility in the countryside.

Throughout the poem "Nhàn" is a soul filled with joy and serenity in the author's spirit. This is considered the highlight, the main spirit of the poem. With just 8 lines in Tang poetry style, Nguyen Binh Khiem brings readers a tranquil countryside life.

The poem begins with two very rustic lines:

One hoe, one fishing rod

Wandering though others pursue any pleasure

The repetition of “one” - “one” presents the reader with a simple, rustic scene in a poor countryside, solitary but not lonely. The two lines exude the tranquility of the soul and the serenity of nature in the rural North. "One hoe", "one fishing rod" evoke the simplicity, rusticity of a plain farmer. Nguyen Binh Khiem appears as a leisurely elderly farmer, enjoying the elegant pleasures of fishing and gardening. This can be said to be a dream life for many in the feudal era, but not everyone could leave the officialdom for the countryside like this. The verb “wandering” in the second line creates a leisurely, smooth rhythm for readers. While others are merry in crowded places, Nguyen Binh Khiem remains detached, content with his current life. His life is admirable to many.

The next two lines further depict the portrait of "old farmer Nguyen Binh Khiem".

I foolishly seek solitude

The wise go to bustling places

This can be considered Nguyen Binh Khiem’s living manifesto during the years after retiring. He admits himself "foolish" for seeking solitude, but this "foolishness" is envied and admired by many. He skillfully uses unique words, fully capturing his demeanor. He implies those who choose officialdom are the “wise”. It is an artful compliment, praising while criticizing, perhaps praising oneself and critiquing others. The lines in this couplet completely contrast in language and intention “foolish” – “wise”, “solitude” – “bustle”. Is Nguyen Binh Khiem retreating to solitude to avoid his duty to the country? Given the times and his character, the "solitude" is where he truly belongs for life. A noble character, an admirable soul.

The couplet invites readers to the simple yet noble life of Nguyen Binh Khiem:

In autumn, I eat bamboo shoots; in winter, I eat bean sprouts

In spring, I bathe in the lotus pond; in summer, I bathe in the pond

This couplet fully portrays the daily life and food of the "poor old farmer". Each season corresponds with specific foods, though not luxurious, these available foods are rich with the taste of the homeland, making the author content. Autumn provides bamboo shoots from the forest, winter comes with bean sprouts. With a few strokes, Nguyen Binh Khiem “skillfully” praises the generous nature of the northern lands, abundant with food. Particularly the line “In spring, I bathe in the lotus pond; in summer, I bathe in the pond” sketches light, simple strokes yet exudes incomparable elegance. A life seemingly only involving the author and nature, in harmonious communion.

The concluding couplet seems to encapsulate the spirit, character, and thoughts of Nguyen Binh Khiem:

When wine arrives, I drink beneath the tree

Seeing wealth is like a dream

This couplet represents Nguyen Binh Khiem’s philosophy and reflections during his secluded time. For a talented person of great intelligence like this, wealth is truly not a mere dream. Having achieved the highest academic honors, money and fortune for him were not lacking, but they were not his ambitions. To him, wealth is “like a dream”, vanishing upon awakening. This can be considered the most profound and philosophical insight. For an elegant person who favors a leisurely life, wealth is as ephemeral as emptiness; he loves his country quietly. The unique comparison renders the closing couplet perfectly.

With these 8 lines, Nguyen Binh Khiem's poem “Nhan” has left readers in admiration and respect for his spirit and demeanor. As a patriotic person, fond of peace and valuing character, he is a role model worth learning from. The poem, structured tightly and simple but meaningful lines, reveals the soul and character of Nguyen Binh Khiem. He remains widely admired today.