What are the best sample analysis essays on Nam Cao's short story "Lão Hạc"? Who has the power to select textbooks for secondary school students in Vietnam?
What are the best sample analysis essays on Nam Cao's short story "Lão Hạc"?
Students may refer to the following best sample analysis essays on Nam Cao's short story "Lão Hạc":
Sample 1: Analyze the character Lao Hac through the tragedy of poverty and self-respect
| In Vietnamese literature, many works have depicted the tragic fates of laborers, among which Nam Cao's Lao Hac stands out as a vivid picture of the pain and tragedy of poor farmers. Nam Cao not only reflects material poverty but also portrays the deep psychological tragedies of people living in harsh circumstances. Lao Hac, an old poor man with a lonely life, no family, faced painful decisions, expressing the sorrow of poverty and his self-respect. Through the character of Lao Hac, Nam Cao highlights the tragedy of Vietnamese farmers in the old society. Lao Hac symbolizes a poor farmer, living alone without relatives or friends. He has a small garden, but it’s not enough to sustain himself. Despite this, Lao Hac always lives independently and does not want to depend on others. In this condition, Nam Cao cleverly introduces into Lao Hac's life a painful choice: selling the yellow dog — his only companion. For Lao Hac, the yellow dog is not just a pet but a companion during lonely days, a source of comfort in a harsh life. Lao Hac sells the yellow dog not because he doesn't love it, but because he has no other choice. In difficult circumstances, when his son cannot take care of himself, Lao Hac decides to sell the dog to have money to help his son. This is a painful sacrifice, showing a father's unconditional love, but at the same time reflecting his internal torment. Although the sacrifice is a testament to love, it also involves painful trade-offs when he has to part from the only source of joy in his life. Through the story of Lao Hac, Nam Cao realistically portrays the tragedies of poor farmers in the old society. Lao Hac is a model of those who live in poverty and continuously struggle between love and self-respect. His life is a series of sacrifices and sufferings that he bears due to the inability to change circumstances. Lao Hac's tragedy is the tragedy of an indifferent society, where poverty strips away all spiritual values and forces people into tough decisions. |
Sample 2: Analyze the loneliness and sacrifice of Lao Hac in the work "Lao Hac"
| Nam Cao's short story "Lão Hạc" is an outstanding work reflecting the sorrow and tragedy of people in the old society, especially the poor farmers. In a society where poverty causes people to lose many spiritual values, the character Lao Hac is a typical symbol of hardship and the heart-wrenching choices people face when living in harsh conditions. Through this character, Nam Cao not only criticizes society but also shows respect for the farmers, who, despite being impoverished, maintain dignity and self-respect. Lao Hac's sacrifice for his son and selling the yellow dog is the clearest manifestation of the tragedy he must endure. The character depicted in the work — Lao Hac lives in poverty, but he never wants to rely on anyone, nor does he want others to know of his misery. His life revolves around a small garden and the yellow dog. The relationship between Lao Hac and the yellow dog is a very special friendship, and for him, the dog is not just a pet but also a companion in lonely moments. Lao Hac and the yellow dog share moments of comfort in a tough life, and this is also a way Nam Cao portrays deep human affection for sentient beings. Lao Hac's tragedy occurs when he faces the decision to sell the yellow dog to have money to treat his son’s illness. This decision is not easy for Lao Hac, as the dog is not only his friend but also his only consolation in the twilight of his years. However, out of love for his son, he accepts to sell the dog. This sacrifice, though significant, highlights the loneliness and harshness of life in poverty. Lao Hac had to trade his only friendship for his son's survival. Lao Hac by Nam Cao is a depiction of the tragedy of the impoverished, living in loneliness and enduring the cruelty of society. Through the image of Lao Hac, Nam Cao not only depicts the father's pain in having to sacrifice the yellow dog but also reflects a ruthless social reality. Poverty and loneliness destroy not only the body but also the soul, causing people to face harsh decisions, thereby illustrating the haunting impact of poverty on every person in that society. |
Sample 3: Analyze the haunting of poverty in Lao Hac's life
| In the treasure trove of Vietnamese literature, Nam Cao is a notable writer with works around poor farmers in feudal society, outstandingly the short story "Lão Hạc". The story not only simply narrates the life of an old farmer but also reflects a dark social picture, where poverty and hardship are haunting burdens throughout life. Through the image of Lao Hac, Nam Cao not only describes a person's tragedy but also highlights their helplessness against a cruel society. The character Lao Hac is a typical example of those who live in poverty, yet their hearts remain full of love and self-respect. However, poverty is the most ruthless weapon that pushes their lives into suffering and tragedy. Lao Hac is an old farmer living alone in a poor village with just a small garden and a yellow dog as his companion. Lao Hac's entire life is a struggle with poverty, yet he always lives independently, unwilling to trouble anyone even though his heart is brimming with sorrow and loneliness. This partially reflects the feudal society at that time, where farmers like Lao Hac had to fend for themselves to survive with limited choices. As a life lesson, Lao Hac shows resilience, never succumbing despite circumstances continuously pushing him to the edge. The haunting of poverty is one of the main elements creating tragedy in Lao Hac's life. From a literary analyst's perspective, poverty is not just a material condition but also a mental burden suppressing people's lives. Lao Hac does not want to depend on his son, nor does he want to burden others, but when his son falls seriously ill needing money for treatment, Lao Hac has no other choice but to sell his only friend, the yellow dog. Though this decision is a painful sacrifice, it represents a father’s unconditional love for his son. At that moment, Lao Hac’s love and self-respect confront poverty, leaving him unable to protect what’s most precious in life. When reading "Lão Hạc", readers can easily recognize that poverty impacts not only material lives but also weakens the human soul. The yellow dog is not just a pet but Lao Hac's only spiritual companion in his final years. Having to sell the dog is not just a material loss but also an emotional breakdown. The pain of having to choose between love and self-respect is the greatest tragedy in Lao Hac's life. Even though he understands that selling the dog is inevitable, the decision still leaves him with indescribable loss and sorrow. Nam Cao's short story "Lão Hạc" is a work that profoundly reflects the haunting of poverty on people’s lives and souls. Lao Hac is not just a character of hardships but a symbol of inner conflicts when one has to sacrifice noble spiritual values to cope with material difficulties. Behind Lao Hac's tragedy is a profound societal message: poverty does not only strip material possessions but gradually erodes spiritual values, dulling sacred emotions. Ultimately, Lao Hac’s story serves as a reminder of human impotence in life and a call for societal change to prevent such tragedies from persisting. |
*Note: The information is for reference purposes only.
What are the best sample analysis essays on Nam Cao's short story "Lão Hạc"? Who has the power to select textbooks for secondary school students in Vietnam? (Image from the Internet)
What are the requirements for the secondary education program in Vietnam?
Under Article 31 of the Education Law 2019, the secondary education program must meet the following requirements:
- Reflect the objectives of general education;
- Concretize the requirements on the outcomes of students’ quality and capacity after each educational level and on the educational contents compulsory to all students throughout the country;
- Concretize the requirements on the methods and forms of organizing educational activities and on the evaluation of educational outcomes for subjects of each class and educational level of general education.
- Be consistent throughout the country and implemented flexibly, suitable with specific conditions of localities and institutions of general education;
- Be open to feedbacks from organisations and individuals and undergo a pilot implementation before promulgation; be publicly announced after promulgation.
Who has the power to select textbooks for secondary school students in Vietnam?
According to Article 32 of the Education Law 2019, the power to select textbooks for secondary school students is regulated as follows:
Programmes of general education
1. Programmes of general education shall:
Textbooks of general education
1. Textbooks of general education are regulated as follows:
a) Textbooks must implement programmes of general education, concretizing the requirements on educational objectives and contents, on students’ quality and capacity as defined in programmes of general education; direct teaching methods and methods of assessing and evaluating education quality; contents and formats of textbooks shall not carry prejudices based on ethnicity, religion, profession, gender, age and social status; textbooks may be in the printed, Braille or electronic forms.
b) Each subject shall have one or several textbooks; implement private sector involvement in textbook compilation; textbook publication shall be in compliance with the law;
c) Provincial People’s Committees shall decide selection of textbooks for consistent use in institutions of general education in their localities as regulated by the Minister of Education and Training.
d) Local educational materials shall be designed by provincial People’s Committees to meet the needs and characteristics of their localities, be appraised by provincial review councils for appraising and approved by the Minister of Education and Training.
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Thus, according to the above regulations, the provincial People's Committee has the power to select textbooks for secondary school students and ensure stable use in general education institutions within the locality as regulated by the Minister of Education and Training.
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